Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Vaccine

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 1305

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Vaccines and Immunology (CVI), National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD)of the National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) and Department of Medical Virology, School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Interests: hepatitis B virus; vaccine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With 50 years since the expanded program on immunization (EPI), and the introduction of the hepatitis B vaccine in the EPI as early as 30 years ago in some countries, it seems fitting to look again at hepatitis B infection, vaccines, and vaccination endeavors in countries around the world. This Special Issue intends to add to the understanding of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its impact on infection, the progression of disease, novel design of or re-focus on targets for vaccines and drug development, and understanding successes in the current immunization era. With regard to the viral genome, new understandings and revelations to changes in the gene/s and their effects on disease are necessary for detection and control. Viral genetic change influences knowledge on targets for drug and vaccine improvement. With the introduction of the HBV birth dose vaccine in many countries, challenges and successes require reporting so that others can read of goals met and lessons learnt. This Special Issue necessitates a way forward to advance knowledge on HBV and its impact.

Dr. Nishi Prabdial-Sing
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hepatitis B virus
  • infection
  • vaccine

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (1 paper)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

18 pages, 5292 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Transcribed Artificial Primary MicroRNA for the Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus Gene Expression in Cultured Cells
by Creanne Shrilall, Patrick Arbuthnot and Abdullah Ely
Microorganisms 2025, 13(3), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13030604 - 5 Mar 2025
Viewed by 818
Abstract
Available interventions for the management of chronic hepatitis B (hepB) exhibit limited efficacy and barriers to vaccination against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) have hampered prophylaxis programmes. Development of potent therapeutics capable of functional cure of chronic hepB thus remains a relevant medical [...] Read more.
Available interventions for the management of chronic hepatitis B (hepB) exhibit limited efficacy and barriers to vaccination against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) have hampered prophylaxis programmes. Development of potent therapeutics capable of functional cure of chronic hepB thus remains a relevant medical objective. RNA interference (RNAi) can be exploited to effect potent and specific silencing of target genes through the introduction of RNA sequences that mimic the natural activators of the pathway. To achieve a therapeutic effect, artificial primary microRNAs (pri-miRNAs) have been used extensively to target various viruses, including HBV. To date artificial pri-miRNAs have exclusively been produced from DNA expression cassettes. Although this achieves impressive silencing, eventual translation of this platform to the clinic is complicated by the requirement for viral vectors to deliver DNA. Consequently, clinical translation has been slow. Recently, the use of in vitro transcribed RNA, specifically to produce mRNA vaccines at industrial scale, has gained significant interest. We therefore sought to evaluate the feasibility of using in vitro transcribed artificial pri-miRNAs for the inhibition of HBV gene expression. Artificial HBV-targeting pri-miR-31 sequences, which are highly effective when expressed in cells from a DNA template, demonstrated modest silencing of viral replication when incorporated into mRNA that was transcribed in vitro. Off-target effects were also observed. Characterisation revealed that intracellular processing of the artificial pri-miRNAs was inefficient and non-specific effects were caused by stimulation of the interferon response. Nevertheless, optimised nuclear delivery of the artificial pri-miRNAs should improve their processing and achieve better anti-hepB efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Vaccine)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop