Biomarkers in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Weight Loss: Advances in Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Personalized Management

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 1363

Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
Interests: human nutrition; dietary habits; nutritional epidemiology; lifestyle and health; food quality and composition; prevention of non-communicable diseases; body composition analysis

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Guest Editor
Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
Interests: human nutrition; dietary patterns; nutritional status; body composition; metabolic health; chronic disease prevention

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Guest Editor
Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: nutrition; bioactive compounds; metabolic disorders; nutritional assessment
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are complex and multifactorial conditions that represent major global public health challenges. Early identification of individuals at risk and the development of effective, personalized management strategies remain key priorities in clinical and translational research.

In recent years, biomarkers have emerged as valuable tools for improving the diagnosis and characterization of obesity-related metabolic disturbances. Advances in molecular biology, metabolomics, genomics, and clinical research have enabled the identification of novel biomarkers reflecting adipose tissue dysfunction, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and altered metabolic pathways. These biomarkers may support early detection of metabolic abnormalities, improve risk stratification, and provide important insights into disease progression.

At the same time, growing evidence highlights the central role of nutrition and dietary patterns in the development, prevention, and management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Healthy dietary approaches have been shown to influence metabolic regulation, inflammatory processes, gut microbiota composition, and energy homeostasis. Nutritional interventions may therefore significantly affect biomarker profiles associated with metabolic health and weight loss outcomes.

Understanding the interaction between dietary factors, metabolic pathways, and biomarker responses may contribute to the development of more effective and personalized nutritional strategies. Biomarkers may help identify individuals who are more likely to benefit from specific dietary interventions, monitor adherence to healthy dietary patterns, and evaluate metabolic responses to weight loss programs.

This Special Issue aims to highlight advances in the application of biomarkers related to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and weight loss, with particular attention to their relationship with nutrition and lifestyle interventions. We welcome original research articles, reviews, and meta-analyses focusing on molecular, biochemical, anthropometric, and clinical biomarkers that contribute to improved diagnosis, risk prediction, and personalized management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Studies exploring biomarkers associated with dietary patterns, functional foods, and lifestyle modification are also encouraged.

Dr. Martina Gažarová
Dr. Petra Lenártová
Dr. Magdalena Górnicka
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • obesity biomarkers
  • metabolic risk stratification
  • adipose tissue dysfunction
  • nutritional biomarkers
  • personalized nutrition
  • nutrition interventions
  • weight loss interventions
  • body composition analysis
  • emerging anthropometric indices

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 7279 KB  
Article
Quercetin Attenuates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Association with the Inhibition of Hepatic IL-1β/iNOS and IL-1β/CD45 Axes of Inflammation and Fibrosis Accompanied by Reduced Endogenous Metabolites and Apoptosis
by Saif A. Alqahtani, Hanan H. Alshehri, Hend Ashour, Hend Abdallah, Laila Rashed, Rehab M. Badi, Muataz E. D. Mohammed, Bahjat Al-Ani, Norah M. Alzamil, Alia Albawardi and Basma E. Aboulhoda
Metabolites 2026, 16(4), 284; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo16040284 - 21 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Background: Liver inflammation and fibrosis are directly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dysregulation of the potent pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tissue leukocyte infiltration (CD45 +ve) are connected with multiorgan injury and fibrosis. We investigated [...] Read more.
Background: Liver inflammation and fibrosis are directly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dysregulation of the potent pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tissue leukocyte infiltration (CD45 +ve) are connected with multiorgan injury and fibrosis. We investigated whether the induction of NAFLD can cause dysregulation in the hepatic IL-1β/iNOS and IL-1β/CD45 axes of inflammation and fibrosis, as well as in endogenous metabolites (lipids, glucose, and insulin) and apoptosis, in the presence and absence of the flavonoid quercetin. Methods: The model group of rats was fed with a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD) for 4 weeks. The protective group of rats was given both quercetin (50 mg/kg) and HFCD for 4 weeks. All rats were sacrificed on day 29. Results: NAFLD was induced in rats as demonstrated by dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, liver inflammation, and elevation of liver injury enzymes. NAFLD was also associated with the upregulation of hepatic IL-1β, iNOS, CD45, and apoptosis (p53). Biomarkers of fibrosis (TIMP-1 and α-SMA) were also elevated, and fibrosis was confirmed in the model group by increased collagen deposition and elevated stages of fibrosis score (Stage 1 to 2 of Brunt’s NASH classification). All these parameters were significantly (p < 0.01) modulated by quercetin treatment. Additionally, a significant (p < 0.001) correlation between IL-1β and hepatic injury parameters was observed. Conclusions: These findings suggest a potential association between NAFLD and the IL-1β/iNOS and IL-1β/CD45 axes of liver injury and fibrosis, as well as dyslipidemia, glycemia, and apoptosis, with quercetin exhibiting beneficial hepatic pleiotropic effects. Full article
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