Interactions of Diet, Exercise, and Metabolism

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Clinical Metabolic Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 2033

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Center of Health Sciences, State University of Northern Paraná, Jacarezinho 86400-000, Paraná, Brazil
Interests: physical exercise; physical fitness; physical activity; metabolic diseases; metabolic syndrome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center of Health Sciences, State University of Northern Paraná, Jacarezinho 86400-000, Paraná, Brazil
Interests: physical activity; sedentary behavior; diet, food, and nutrition; feeding behavior; metabolic process; metabolic syndrome

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center of Health Sciences, State University of Northern Paraná, Jacarezinho 86400-000, Paraná, Brazil
Interests: exercise therapy; exercise test; physical fitness; muscle metabolism; bone metabolism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For this Special Issue of Metabolites, we invite researchers in the field of physical exercise and nutrition to contribute papers regarding the interactions between these variables and different outcomes linked to metabolism. Physical exercise and diet are important moderators of metabolism, capable of positively impacting human health. In this sense, submissions of studies that investigate the effectiveness of physical exercise and/or the impact of diet on metabolic health are especially welcome for this Special Issue. Furthermore, works on the effects of variables related to physical exercise and diet, such as physical fitness and eating behaviors, on metabolism are also solicited for inclusion in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Raphael Gonçalves de Oliveira
Prof. Dr. Dartagnan Pinto Guedes
Prof. Dr. Laís Campos de Oliveira
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • physical exercise
  • physical fitness
  • physical activity
  • diet, food, and nutrition
  • feeding behavior
  • me-tabolism
  • metabolic process

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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19 pages, 1080 KiB  
Review
Dietary and Lifestyle Interventions to Mitigate Oxidative Stress in Male and Female Fertility: Practical Insights for Infertility Management—A Narrative Review
by Efthalia Moustakli, Athanasios Zikopoulos, Periklis Katopodis, Stefanos Dafopoulos, Vasilis Sebastian Paraschos, Athanasios Zachariou and Konstantinos Dafopoulos
Metabolites 2025, 15(6), 379; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15060379 - 8 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Infertility in both men and women can be significantly influenced by oxidative stress (OS), which occurs due to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body’s antioxidant defenses. In women, OS disrupts oocyte maturation, implantation, and the viability of the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Infertility in both men and women can be significantly influenced by oxidative stress (OS), which occurs due to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body’s antioxidant defenses. In women, OS disrupts oocyte maturation, implantation, and the viability of the embryo; in men, it impairs sperm quality, reduces motility, and damages DNA integrity. This review explores existing research on how dietary and lifestyle interventions can reduce OS and enhance reproductive health outcomes. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of clinical, translational, and molecular studies exploring the mechanisms by which OS affects fertility, as well as the efficacy of nutritional and behavioral strategies. The interventions evaluated include weight management, regular exercise, micronutrient supplementation, antioxidant-rich diets, smoking and alcohol cessation, and stress-reduction techniques. Results: Specific dietary components such as zinc, selenium, vitamins C and E, and polyphenols have been found to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhance gamete function. OS is additionally reduced through lifestyle modifications, including minimizing harmful exposures, managing stress, and participating in moderate physical activity. Biomarkers such as ROS levels, total antioxidant capacity, 8-OHdG, and DNA fragmentation index are essential for assessing the effectiveness of interventions. Conclusions: Fertility in both sexes can be improved, and oxidative stress significantly reduced, through a multimodal approach incorporating dietary and lifestyle changes. There are encouraging opportunities to improve reproductive health through customized approaches that are informed by biomarker profiles. To incorporate these treatments into regular fertility care, future studies should concentrate on standardized procedures and long-term results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interactions of Diet, Exercise, and Metabolism)
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10 pages, 849 KiB  
Systematic Review
Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Jonathan Cesar do Prado, Dartagnan Pinto Guedes, Pedro Henrique Garcia Dias, Antonio Stabelini Neto and Raphael Gonçalves de Oliveira
Metabolites 2024, 14(11), 635; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14110635 - 18 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Introduction: Low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with a greater risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescence. In this sense, it is important to verify the strength of this association and the certainty that this evidence can be recommended. Objective: The [...] Read more.
Introduction: Low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with a greater risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescence. In this sense, it is important to verify the strength of this association and the certainty that this evidence can be recommended. Objective: The objective of this paper is to summarize, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the evidence available to verify the association between CRF and MetS in adolescents. Methods: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, LILACS, and Web of Science were searched until 20 August 2024. The risk of bias in each study was assessed via the AXIS tool, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed via the GRADE system. For the meta-analysis, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Nine studies (7077 participants), all with a low risk of bias, were included in the systematic review. There was a high certainty of evidence that adolescents with low CRF have significantly greater odds of developing MetS (OR = 3.63 [CI 95%, 2.54 to 5.20]). The odds increase for low vs. moderate (OR = 4.23 [CI 95%, 2.64 to 6.78]) and low vs. high (OR = 8.03 [CI 95%, 3.20 to 20.18]) CRF are considered separately. The effect does not change according to the type of test used to assess CRF (p = 0.51). Conclusions: There is high certainty of evidence that adolescents with low CRF levels have significantly greater odds of developing MetS; therefore, it is essential that intervention strategies be designed to increase CRF in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interactions of Diet, Exercise, and Metabolism)
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