Updates on Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2024) | Viewed by 1260

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: kidney Cancer; renal cell carcinoma; targeted therapy; urologic oncology; testicular cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for the vast majority of malignancies of the kidney, and its incidence is constantly increasing in developed countries.

While localized disease is associated with very good outcomes, patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC) face a worse prognosis. However, treatment options in that setting have undergone exceptional developments in recent decades. Many novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the introduction of immunotherapy, whether as a monotherapy or in combination with other drugs, have made an immense contribution to improving both the prognosis and quality of life of patients diagnosed with mRCC. What is also important, multiple lines of treatment with a variety of drugs are currently available. There are also significant roles played within local treatment in oligometastatic or oligoprogressive mRCC.

Certainly, there are still an exciting number of innovations yet to come, as many clinical trials are currently ongoing. Moreover, apart from the treatment options for patients with clear-cell RCC, there is also a promising advancement in understanding and treating the other, less common subtypes of RCC grouped together as non-ccRCC. Along with novel therapies, there has also been a significant improvement in understanding the biology of RCC. New predictive and prognostic factors are being developed, the role of the immune system is becoming better understood, and new perspectives for targeted therapies are continuously arising.

Taken together, all the developments in recent years and the perspectives for the future make for an exciting landscape of the modern approach to RCC.

We welcome the submission of original research papers and reviews.

Dr. Jakub Kucharz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • renal cell carcinoma
  • immunotherapy, targeted therapy
  • local treatment
  • radiation therapy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 817 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Factors Contributing to Adverse Events and Evaluation of Their Impact on Prognosis in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients—Real-World Experience in a Single-Center Retrospective Study and Narrative Review
by Piotr Domański, Mateusz Piętak, Szymon Staneta, Weronika Fortuniak, Barbara Kruczyk, Adam Kobiernik, Piotr Bakuła, Anna Mydlak, Tomasz Demkow, Bożena Sikora-Kupis, Paulina Dumnicka and Jakub Kucharz
Medicina 2024, 60(3), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030398 - 26 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1013
Abstract
Background and Objectives: More than 430,000 new cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were reported in 2020. Clear cell RCC, which occurs in 80% of cases, is often associated with mutations in the VHL gene, leading to dysregulation of hypoxia-induced transcription factors pathways [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: More than 430,000 new cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were reported in 2020. Clear cell RCC, which occurs in 80% of cases, is often associated with mutations in the VHL gene, leading to dysregulation of hypoxia-induced transcription factors pathways and carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study is to examine the adverse events (AEs) of cabozantinib treatment and the relationship between individual patient factors and the frequency of their occurrence in detail. Materials and Methods: Seventy-one patients with metastatic RCC were treated with second or further lines of cabozantinib at the Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology. Comprehensive data, including demographics, clinicopathological factors, and AEs, were collected from January 2017 to June 2021. This study evaluated the impact of various patient-related factors on the rate of adverse events and treatment tolerance using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Cabozantinib-induced AEs were significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA), IMDC prognostic score, and treatment line. Notably, patients receiving cabozantinib post-tyrosine kinase inhibitors reported fewer AEs. Dose reduction was unrelated to adverse event frequency, but patients requiring dose reduction were characterized with lower body mass and BSA but not BMI. Conclusions: The factors described make it possible to predict the incidence of AEs, which allows for faster detection and easier management, especially in the high-risk group. AEs should be reported in detail in real-world studies, as their occurrence has a significant impact on prognosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates on Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma)
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