Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 2278

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
2. County Emergency Hospital of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
Interests: cardiovascular disease; cardiology

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Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Internal Medicine, Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Victor Babes din Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: cardiovascular disease; cardiology; arithmology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to our Special Issue, “Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease”, which will be published in Medicina.

This Special Issue addresses the continuous development and research in cardiovascular diseases and comorbidities that influence prognosis and treatment, aiming to provide a significant perspective upon early diagnosis and treatment in different conditions. New guidelines on heart failure draw attention to the significant impact of early complete treatment and early diagnosis on cardiac disease. Patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and anemia must be checked for cardiac conditions, and diagnosis and active treatment should address all risk factors. New data also show the utmost importance of inflammation in cardiac diseases. Moreover, novel biomarkers have emerged to improve diagnosis accuracy. In recent years, evidence has increased regarding the diagnosis and involvement of comorbidities in cardiac function. Furthermore, the recent COVID-19 pandemic showed the importance of thorough follow-up of all data known to influence treatment and prognosis and, of course, the cardiac structures themselves.

This Special Issue aims to offer a complex and current overview of new research related to cardiac disease, expanding our current knowledge and adding important insights related to its management.

Dr. Elena Bobescu
Guest Editor

Dr. Viviana Ivan
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coronary artery disease
  • heart failure
  • comorbidities
  • chronic kidney disease
  • anemia
  • diabetes mellitus
  • arrhythmias
  • hypertension
  • dyslipidemia
  • novel biomarkers

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1098 KiB  
Article
Visit-to-Visit Systolic Blood Pressure Variability and Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke
by Oana Elena Sandu, Carina Bogdan, Adrian Apostol, Larissa Madalina-Alexandra Daniluc, Amanda Claudia Schuldesz and Mihaela Adriana Simu
Medicina 2025, 61(2), 267; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61020267 - 4 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability has been increasingly associated with cardiovascular outcomes, including stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the association between visit-to-visit SBP variability and the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and Methods: A prospective [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability has been increasingly associated with cardiovascular outcomes, including stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the association between visit-to-visit SBP variability and the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on a set of 208 hypertensive patients over a period of three years, from August 2021 to September 2024, at the County Emergency Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, Timișoara. Patients included in the study were stroke-free. SBP variability was quantified as the standard deviation of SBP measurements obtained quarterly. Results: This study demonstrated that systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability serves as a robust predictor of stroke incidence, underscoring its important role in cerebrovascular risk. The study cohort had an average age of 65.3 ± 9.1 years, with 53.4% males and 46.6% females. Patients in the highest SBP variability group had a 1.21-fold increased risk (21%, p = 0.031) of ischemic stroke and a 1.73-fold increased risk (73%, p = 0.005) of hemorrhagic stroke compared to those in the lowest variability group, revealing that higher SBP variability is strongly associated with an increased risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, with the relationship being particularly pronounced for hemorrhagic stroke. Patients exhibiting greater fluctuations in SBP experienced significantly earlier stroke events and reduced stroke-free survival. Moreover, mortality rates were notably higher among individuals with very high SBP variability, indicating its profound impact on long-term outcomes. Conclusions: Visit-to-visit SBP variability is a significant and independent predictor of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, emphasizing the clinical importance of monitoring and managing blood pressure stability. Further research should explore interventions to mitigate SBP variability and its impact on cerebrovascular outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease)
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Review

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13 pages, 808 KiB  
Review
Key Updates to the 2024 ESC Hypertension Guidelines and Future Perspectives
by Alexandru Burlacu, Masanari Kuwabara, Crischentian Brinza and Mehmet Kanbay
Medicina 2025, 61(2), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61020193 - 23 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Hypertension remains a critical global health challenge, significantly contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality despite advancements in treatment. The 2024 ESC hypertension guidelines address persistent gaps in hypertension management by emphasizing comprehensive strategies encompassing early detection, socioeconomic barriers, lifestyle interventions, and personalized care. [...] Read more.
Hypertension remains a critical global health challenge, significantly contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality despite advancements in treatment. The 2024 ESC hypertension guidelines address persistent gaps in hypertension management by emphasizing comprehensive strategies encompassing early detection, socioeconomic barriers, lifestyle interventions, and personalized care. Enhanced screening protocols, including home and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, aim for accurate diagnosis and risk stratification. Lifestyle recommendations now prioritize reducing sodium intake, increasing potassium consumption, and integrating tailored exercise regimens. Pharmacological updates advocate for single-pill combinations and stringent BP targets (<130/80 mmHg), emphasizing the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for specific comorbidities. Minimally invasive therapies like renal denervation are explored for resistant hypertension, while digital tools such as telehealth and mobile applications enhance patient engagement and adherence. This multifaceted, patient-centered approach provides a roadmap for optimizing BP control, reducing cardiovascular risks, and addressing the complexities of hypertension in diverse populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease)
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