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Medicina
Special Issues
Anaphylaxis in Children and Adolescents
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Anaphylaxis in Children and Adolescents

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatrics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2023) | Viewed by 2199

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Tihomir B. Mustakov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Private Allergy Practice, Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: pathogenesis of allergic diseases; anaphylaxis causes, prevention, and treatment; allergen cross-reactivity; immunotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Allergy is a relatively new medical issue, having gained significance in the last 100 years. Allergic conditions vary from a mild itch and sneezing to deadly anaphylactic reactions or severe asthma. There has been considerable progress in the treatment of mild and moderate conditions, which has enabled many patients to live a normal life. However, anaphylaxis, one of the most severe allergic conditions, remains poorly understood, unpredictable, and difficult to treat. Therefore, further information is needed on this topic to bring the medical community closer to achieving effective care for anaphylaxis patients. This is particularly vital for pediatric patients who experience anaphylaxis. This issue aims to present the most recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and pathophysiology of anaphylaxis and related conditions, with a particular focus on pediatrics. We present the latest laboratory tests, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic options in precision medicine and personalized patient care, as well as a discussion of age-related diagnostic and therapeutic problems in anaphylaxis.

Prof. Dr. Tihomir B. Mustakov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anaphylaxis
  • children
  • adolescents
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • allergen components
  • epinephrine
  • precision medicine

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 507 KiB  
Article
Risk Factors for Anaphylaxis in Children Allergic to Peanuts
by Tadej Petek, Mija Lajhar, Blažka Krašovec, Matjaž Homšak, Maja Kavalar, Peter Korošec, Brigita Koren, Maja Tomazin, Tina Hojnik and Vojko Berce
Medicina 2023, 59(6), 1037; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59061037 - 28 May 2023
Viewed by 1980
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A peanut allergy is the most common single cause of anaphylaxis in children. The risk factors for anaphylaxis in children with a peanut allergy are not well defined. Therefore, we aimed to identify epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: A peanut allergy is the most common single cause of anaphylaxis in children. The risk factors for anaphylaxis in children with a peanut allergy are not well defined. Therefore, we aimed to identify epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of children with a peanut allergy that may predict the severity of the allergic reaction and anaphylaxis. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and included 94 children with a peanut allergy. Allergy testing was performed, including skin prick testing and the determination of specific IgE levels to peanuts and their Ara h2 component. In case of discordance between patient history and allergy testing, an oral food challenge with peanuts was performed. Results: Anaphylaxis and moderate and mild reactions to peanuts occurred in 33 (35.1%), 30 (31.9%), and 31 (33.0%) patients, respectively. The severity of the allergic reaction was only weakly correlated (p = 0.04) with the amount of peanuts consumed. The median number of allergic reactions to peanuts was 2 in children with anaphylaxis compared to 1 in other patients (p = 0.04). The median level of specific IgE to Ara h2 was 5.3 IU/mL in children with anaphylaxis compared to 0.6 IU/mL and 10.3 IU/mL in children with mild and moderate peanut allergies (p = 0.06). The optimal cutoff for distinguishing between anaphylaxis and a less severe allergic reaction to peanuts was a specific IgE Ara h2 level of 0.92 IU/mL with 90% sensitivity and 47.5% specificity for predicting anaphylaxis (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the patient cannot predict the severity of the allergic reaction to peanuts in children. Even standard allergy testing, including component diagnostics, is a relatively poor predictor of the severity of an allergic reaction to peanuts. Therefore, more accurate predictive models, including new diagnostic tools, are needed to reduce the need for oral food challenge in most patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anaphylaxis in Children and Adolescents)
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