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Advanced Materials for Electrical Engineering: Fabrication, Testing and Applications
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Advanced Materials for Electrical Engineering: Fabrication, Testing and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Electronic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2026 | Viewed by 1928

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Minxia Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Instrumentation Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Interests: soft magnetic materials; magnetic field measurement; magnetic field suppression; magnetic properties; hysteresis behavior
Dr. Xutao Han

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
Interests: transformer oil; electric breakdown; power transformer insulation; gas insulated switchgear; impulse testing; partial discharge measurement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid development of electrical engineering systems requires continuous innovation in advanced materials to address challenges in energy conversion, power transmission, and equipment miniaturization. Piezoelectric ceramics, insulating paper, insulating oil, and ferromagnetic materials form the backbone of modern electrical infrastructure, but their performance limitations under extreme working conditions—such as high voltages, thermal stress, and mechanical fatigue—remain a key issue. The latest advances in material synthesis, characterization techniques, and computational modeling have opened up new avenues for optimizing these materials. This Special Issue aims to bridge the gap between basic research and industrial applications by emphasizing breakthroughs in manufacturing technology and advanced testing methods.

We sincerely invite you to contribute to exploring new manufacturing technologies, cutting-edge testing protocols, and their applications in renewable energy systems, smart grids, and high-power electronic products. The submitted materials should emphasize scalability, environmental impact, and interdisciplinary integration. Both basic research and industry-specific case studies are welcome, in particular those that link laboratory innovation with practical engineering solutions.

This Special Issue aims to promote collaboration between academia and industry, accelerating the transformation of material breakthroughs into transformative electrical engineering applications. We look forward to your submissions.

Dr. Minxia Shi
Dr. Xutao Han
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • piezoelectric ceramics
  • insulating paper
  • insulating oil
  • ferromagnetic materials
  • material performance testing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2339 KB  
Article
Pump-Induced Biphasic Relaxation Model of Xe Spin in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Gyroscopes
by Shangtao Jiang, Tengyue Wang, Xuyang Qiu, Yunkai Mao and Heng Yuan
Materials 2026, 19(6), 1143; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19061143 - 15 Mar 2026
Viewed by 313
Abstract
The spin relaxation rate of Xe isotopes is a key characteristic of nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes (NMRGs). A pump-induced biphasic relaxation (PBR) model is proposed to describe the pump dependence of the transverse relaxation rate of 129Xe nuclear spin. The distribution of [...] Read more.
The spin relaxation rate of Xe isotopes is a key characteristic of nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes (NMRGs). A pump-induced biphasic relaxation (PBR) model is proposed to describe the pump dependence of the transverse relaxation rate of 129Xe nuclear spin. The distribution of electron polarization is theoretically analyzed based on the Bloch–Torrey equations and the volume-averaged polarization is evaluated through NMR frequency shift measurements. Experimental results confirm the theoretical quadratic dependence between Γ and PRb with a high fitting accuracy (R2 = 0.9969). The predicted linear (R2 > 0.9966) and hyperbolic (R2 > 0.9942) regimes of Γ versus pump power are also observed. Validation across different pump power conditions shows agreement between the model and measurements, with an average relative deviation of 0.2169%. The multi-stage process of nuclear spin relaxation is quantified, thereby providing a robust validation for the PBR model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Electrical Engineering: Fabrication, Testing and Applications)
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14 pages, 28158 KB  
Article
Surface-Collision Analysis of Microscale-Confined 129Xe in Pyrex Vapor Cells Based on Stem-Transport and Gradient Diffusion Dynamics
by Shangtao Jiang, Tengyue Wang, Xuyang Qiu and Heng Yuan
Materials 2026, 19(5), 956; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19050956 - 1 Mar 2026
Viewed by 344
Abstract
Surface collisions at Pyrex walls limit the spin coherence in nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes (NMRG) vapor cells, while the cavity–stem junction introduces geometry dependent exchange that perturbs the transverse spin relaxation time T2 of 129Xe atoms. We combine T2 measurements [...] Read more.
Surface collisions at Pyrex walls limit the spin coherence in nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes (NMRG) vapor cells, while the cavity–stem junction introduces geometry dependent exchange that perturbs the transverse spin relaxation time T2 of 129Xe atoms. We combine T2 measurements with Monte Carlo simulations of confined diffusion and surface collisions to decompose the relaxation of Xe atoms and derive a cavity–stem geometry correction for wall relaxation. A structural coupling factor (SCF) is introduced to compress stem length and aperture diameter into a dimensionless metric for diffusion-limited mixing, enabling prediction of the transverse relaxation rate versus geometry. Across eight simulated configurations, the model yields R2=0.982 and agrees with experiments within 7–9%, comparable to the measurement uncertainty (±0.015s−1). Using the validated framework, geometry optimization reduces the relaxation rate from 0.225 to 0.131s−1 (a 41.8% improvement). This Pyrex surface-collisional analysis provides an in-situ, T2-based route to compare effective surface depolarization across fabrication and surface-treatment protocols while accounting for cavity–stem coupling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Electrical Engineering: Fabrication, Testing and Applications)
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13 pages, 3426 KB  
Article
Loss Separation Modeling and Optimization of Permalloy Sheets for Low-Noise Magnetic Shielding Devices
by Yuzheng Ma, Minxia Shi, Yachao Zhang, Teng Li, Yusen Li, Leran Zhang and Shuai Yuan
Materials 2025, 18(19), 4527; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18194527 - 29 Sep 2025
Viewed by 806
Abstract
With the breakthroughs in quantum theory and the rapid advancement of quantum precision measurement sensor technologies, atomic magnetometers based on the spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) mechanism have played an increasingly important role in ultra-weak biomagnetic field detection, inertial navigation, and fundamental physics research. To [...] Read more.
With the breakthroughs in quantum theory and the rapid advancement of quantum precision measurement sensor technologies, atomic magnetometers based on the spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) mechanism have played an increasingly important role in ultra-weak biomagnetic field detection, inertial navigation, and fundamental physics research. To achieve high-precision measurements, SERF magnetometers must operate in an extremely weak magnetic field environment, while the detection of ultra-weak magnetic signals relies on a low-noise background. Therefore, accurate measurement, modeling, and analysis of magnetic noise in shielding materials are of critical importance. In this study, the magnetic noise of permalloy sheets was modeled, separated, and analyzed based on their measured magnetic properties, providing essential theoretical and experimental support for magnetic noise evaluation in shielding devices. First, a single-sheet tester (SST) was modeled via finite element analysis to investigate magnetization uniformity, and its structure was optimized by adding a supporting connection plate. Second, an experimental platform was established to verify magnetization uniformity and to perform accurate low-frequency measurements of hysteresis loops under different frequencies and field amplitudes while ensuring measurement precision. Finally, the Bertotti loss separation method combined with a PSO optimization algorithm was employed to accurately fit and analyze the three types of losses, thereby enabling precise separation and calculation of hysteresis loss. This provides essential theoretical foundations and primary data for magnetic noise evaluation in shielding devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Electrical Engineering: Fabrication, Testing and Applications)
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