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Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials
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Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanics of Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2025 | Viewed by 6330

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Biao Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
Interests: vehicle transmission theory and technology; lubrication and contamination control for transmissions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Liang Yu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
Interests: materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In engineering applications, the safety, reliability, high efficiency, low consumption and environmental optimization of equipment are important for the development of a low-carbon economy. However, the gradual degradation of special materials leads to gradual changes in their dynamic response and thermal load characteristics, resulting in an unstable working quality and the failure of equipment. Therefore, the monitoring and evaluation of the degradation of special materials is a key issue for high-end equipment in order to achieve reliable operation and healthy service.

The main purpose of this Special Issue, entitled “Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials during the Whole Life Cycle”, is to find solutions to the difficulties and challenges encountered in the quantification, monitoring and evaluation of the working performance of special materials in the whole life cycle. This research field covers the reviews, principles, and methods of the overall performance of special materials, including formation and preparation processes, whole-life performance monitoring, quantification and evaluation, optimal working condition design, etc. The main areas of interest include, but are not limited to, the manufacturing and processing of composites, the quantitative characterization of micro-morphology and the friction coefficient, the identification of material deformation and failure, the evalution of noise and vibration, oil detection technology for worn materials, numerical simulation and experimental methods for the evaluation of friction wear, dynamic response, and thermal load characteristics. We welcome the submission of papers addressing the monitoring, quantification and evaluation of the working performance of special materials in the whole life cycle, from the perspective of the development of applications.

Prof. Dr. Biao Ma
Dr. Liang Yu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • special materials
  • friction and wear
  • micro-morphology
  • noise and vibration
  • friction heat and dynamic response
  • experimental methods and simulations

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6422 KiB  
Article
Accelerated Hydrothermal Aging and Degradation Mechanism of PE100 Butt-Fusion Welded Joint
by Yingchun Chen, Yanfeng Li, Jie Yang and Yan Xi
Materials 2024, 17(22), 5505; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17225505 - 12 Nov 2024
Viewed by 741
Abstract
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipelines are extensively utilized in energy transportation in the ocean. However, long-term exposure to water can alter the performance of HDPE, potentially leading to pipeline accidents. This study focuses on simulating the aging characteristics of PE100 polyethylene pipeline butt-fusion welded [...] Read more.
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipelines are extensively utilized in energy transportation in the ocean. However, long-term exposure to water can alter the performance of HDPE, potentially leading to pipeline accidents. This study focuses on simulating the aging characteristics of PE100 polyethylene pipeline butt-fusion welded joints (B-FWJs) in water using hydrothermal accelerated aging experiments at various temperature gradients. The performance of the B-FWJ after hydrothermal aging was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), oxidation induction time (OIT), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy, and mechanical testing. Furthermore, this study analyzed the performance characteristics and changes in the micro-molecular chains of an HDPE B-FWJ pipeline following hydrothermal aging. An investigation was conducted into the effects of hydrothermal aging temperature and duration on the physical and chemical characteristics of HDPE B-FWJ, and the aging mechanism under hydrothermal aging conditions was explored. The results indicate that increasing hydrothermal aging temperature leads to a more significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the B-FWJ. These findings contribute to understanding the aging behavior of PE100 pipelines in the joint section and offer insights to mitigate the risks associated with the aging of and damage to B-FWJ pipelines in the ocean. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials)
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14 pages, 8574 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Polymer-Ceramic Composites Performance on Electrical and Mechanical Properties through Finite Element and Empirical Models
by Kiran Keshyagol, Shivashankarayya Hiremath, Vishwanatha H. M., P. Krishnananda Rao, Pavan Hiremath and Nithesh Naik
Materials 2024, 17(15), 3837; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153837 - 2 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1422
Abstract
Polymer and ceramic-based composites offer a unique blend of desirable traits for improving dielectric permittivity. This study employs an empirical approach to estimate the dielectric permittivity of composite materials and uses a finite element model to understand the effects of permittivity and filler [...] Read more.
Polymer and ceramic-based composites offer a unique blend of desirable traits for improving dielectric permittivity. This study employs an empirical approach to estimate the dielectric permittivity of composite materials and uses a finite element model to understand the effects of permittivity and filler concentration on mechanical and electrical properties. The empirical model combines the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars (MWS) and Bruggeman models to estimate the effective permittivity using Barium Titanate (BT) and Calcium Copper Titanate Oxide (CCTO) as ceramic fillers dispersed in a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer matrix. Results indicate that the permittivity of the composite improves with increased filler content, with CCTO/PDMS emerging as the superior combination for capacitive applications. Capacitance and energy storage in the CCTO/PDMS composite material reached 900 nF and 450 nJ, respectively, with increased filler content. Additionally, increased pressure on the capacitive model with varied filler content showed promising effects on mechanical properties. The interaction between BT filler and the polymer matrix significantly altered the electrical properties of the model, primarily depending on the composite’s permittivity. This study provides comprehensive insights into the effects of varied filler concentrations on estimating mechanical and electrical properties, aiding in the development of real-world pressure-based capacitive models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials)
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18 pages, 12343 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Microabrasive Film Finishing Effects across Various Process Variants
by Katarzyna Tandecka, Wojciech Kacalak and Thomas G. Mathia
Materials 2024, 17(14), 3582; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143582 - 19 Jul 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1001
Abstract
The paper investigates various methods of microfinishing and arrives at the best technique to produce a very smooth surface. Various setups, with and without oscillation, were developed, together with a microfinishing attachment used on conventional lathes and milling machines. The workpiece material used [...] Read more.
The paper investigates various methods of microfinishing and arrives at the best technique to produce a very smooth surface. Various setups, with and without oscillation, were developed, together with a microfinishing attachment used on conventional lathes and milling machines. The workpiece material used was an amorphous nickel–phosphorus Ni–P alloy. The surface roughness parameters, such as Sa, Sv, and Sp, were measured with the TalySurf CCI6000 instrument. For the measurement of the surface protrusions, an “analysis of islands” technique was used at various levels of cut-off. The 2BA method—machining below the workpiece axis with oscillation—turned out to be the most effective method applied because it had the highest density of protrusions while having the smallest value of surface roughness. Non-oscillation with the machining zone below the axis also becomes effective, indicating that repositioning can compensate for a lack of oscillation. Already, the very compact surface structure achieved with minimized depths in the valleys by the 2BA method supported the improvement in tribological performance and increase in load-carrying capacity, together with lubricant retention enhancement. These results show that the microfinishing process can be optimized by parameter tuning, and also, non-oscillating methods could come to be a practical alternative, probably reducing the complexity of equipment and cutting costs. Further studies need to be aimed at the scalability of these methods and their application to other materials and fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials)
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15 pages, 17277 KiB  
Article
Study and Application on the Electromagnetic Stainless Steel: Microstructure, Tensile Mechanical Behavior, and Magnetic Properties
by Che-Wei Lu, Fei-Yi Hung, Tsung-Wei Chang and Ho-Yen Hsieh
Materials 2024, 17(12), 2998; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17122998 - 19 Jun 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1177
Abstract
Stainless steel grade 430 is a type of soft magnetic electromagnetic material with rapid magnetization and demagnetization properties. Considering the delay phenomenon during operation, this study selected 430 stainless steel as the material and explored various metallurgical methods such as magnetic annealing and [...] Read more.
Stainless steel grade 430 is a type of soft magnetic electromagnetic material with rapid magnetization and demagnetization properties. Considering the delay phenomenon during operation, this study selected 430 stainless steel as the material and explored various metallurgical methods such as magnetic annealing and the addition of Mo as well as increasing the Si content to investigate the microstructure, mechanical behavior, and magnetic properties of each material, aiming to improve the magnetic properties of 430 stainless steel. Experimental results showed that the four electromagnetic steel materials (430F, 430F-MA, 434, and KM31) had equiaxed grain matrix structures, and excellent tensile and elongation properties were observed for each specimen. Additionally, the magnetic properties of the 430F specimen were similar under the DC and AC-10 Hz conditions. According to the hysteresis curves under different AC frequencies (10, 100, 1000 Hz), both magnetic annealing and the addition of Mo could reduce the Bm, Br, and Hc values of the raw 430F material. Increasing the Si content resulted in a decrease in Hc values and an increase in Bm and Br values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials)
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14 pages, 8821 KiB  
Article
Friction-Wear and Noise Characteristics of Friction Disks with Circular Texture
by Biao Ma, Weichen Lu, Liang Yu, Cenbo Xiong, Guoqiang Dang and Xiaobo Chen
Materials 2024, 17(10), 2337; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102337 - 14 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1302
Abstract
The reduction of friction-induced noise is a crucial research area for enhancing vehicle comfort, and this paper proposes a method based on circular pit texture to achieve this goal. We conducted a long-term sliding friction test using a pin-on-disc friction and a wear [...] Read more.
The reduction of friction-induced noise is a crucial research area for enhancing vehicle comfort, and this paper proposes a method based on circular pit texture to achieve this goal. We conducted a long-term sliding friction test using a pin-on-disc friction and a wear test bench to verify the validity of this method. To compare the friction noise of different surfaces, texture units with varying line densities were machined on the surface of friction disk samples. The resulting friction-wear and noise characteristics of the samples were analyzed in conjunction with the microscopic morphology of the worn surfaces. The results indicate that surfaces with textures can delay the onset of squeal noise, and the pattern of its development differs from that of smooth surfaces. The noise reduction effect is most evident due to the proper distribution of textures that can form furrow-like wear marks at the wear interface. The finite element results demonstrate that this morphology can improve pressure distribution at the leading point and reduce the tendency of system instability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of the Working Performance of Special Materials)
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