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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Marine Chitin 2021
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Marine Chitin 2021

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6386

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hitoshi Sashiwa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Kaneka Co., Ltd, 5-1-1 Torikai-Nishi, Settsu, Osaka 566-0072, Japan
Interests: chemical modification of chitin and chitosan and their biomedical applications; biodegradable polymer; bio-based polymer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following our calls in 2019 for submissions to Special Issues related to chitin and chitosan in Marine Drugs, we are pleased to tell you that these issues have been published as books. A number of high-class papers were included in these issues. Because of these successes, we now seek to publish another Special Issue, “Marine Chitin 2021”, in Marine Drugs. As before, we plan to produce a strong and very exciting issue that will encompass breakthroughs in high-value scientific and industrial chitin and chitosan research. Despite significant advances in chitin and chitosan research since the 1970s, current overviews in recent publications involving chitin and chitosan research advances need reporting.

We look forward to your input.

Dr. Hitoshi Sashiwa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Chitin
  • Chitosan
  • Chito-oligosaccharide
  • Glucosamine
  • N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
  • Polysaccharide
  • Chemical modification
  • Nanomaterial

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2524 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Chitin Depolymerization by Lysozyme to Long-Chain Oligosaccharides
by Arnaud Masselin, Antoine Rousseau, Stéphanie Pradeau, Laure Fort, Rodolphe Gueret, Laurine Buon, Sylvie Armand, Sylvain Cottaz, Luc Choisnard and Sébastien Fort
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(6), 320; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19060320 - 31 May 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2872
Abstract
Chitin oligosaccharides (COs) hold high promise as organic fertilizers in the ongoing agro-ecological transition. Short- and long-chain COs can contribute to the establishment of symbiotic associations between plants and microorganisms, facilitating the uptake of soil nutrients by host plants. Long-chain COs trigger plant [...] Read more.
Chitin oligosaccharides (COs) hold high promise as organic fertilizers in the ongoing agro-ecological transition. Short- and long-chain COs can contribute to the establishment of symbiotic associations between plants and microorganisms, facilitating the uptake of soil nutrients by host plants. Long-chain COs trigger plant innate immunity. A fine investigation of these different signaling pathways requires improving the access to high-purity COs. Here, we used the response surface methodology to optimize the production of COs by enzymatic hydrolysis of water-soluble chitin (WSC) with hen egg-white lysozyme. The influence of WSC concentration, its acetylation degree, and the reaction time course were modelled using a Box–Behnken design. Under optimized conditions, water-soluble COs up to the nonasaccharide were formed in 51% yield and purified to homogeneity. This straightforward approach opens new avenues to determine the complex roles of COs in plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Chitin 2021)
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Graphical abstract

20 pages, 6141 KiB  
Article
Expression and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Marine Chitosanase from Streptomyces niveus Suitable for Preparation of Chitobiose
by Tong Chen, Gong Cheng, Siming Jiao, Lishi Ren, Chuanfang Zhao, Jinhua Wei, Juntian Han, Meishan Pei, Yuguang Du and Jian-Jun Li
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(6), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19060300 - 24 May 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2700
Abstract
It is known that bioactivities of chitooligosaccharide (COS) are closely related to the degree of polymerization (DP); therefore, it is essential to prepare COS with controllable DP, such as chitobiose showing high antioxidant and antihyperlipidemia activities. In this study, BLAST, sequence alignment and [...] Read more.
It is known that bioactivities of chitooligosaccharide (COS) are closely related to the degree of polymerization (DP); therefore, it is essential to prepare COS with controllable DP, such as chitobiose showing high antioxidant and antihyperlipidemia activities. In this study, BLAST, sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of characterized glycoside hydrolase (GH) 46 endo-chitosanases revealed that a chitosanase Sn1-CSN from Streptomyces niveus was different from others. Sn1-CSN was overexpressed in E. coli, purified and characterized in detail. It showed the highest activity at pH 6.0 and exhibited superior stability between pH 4.0 and pH 11.0. Sn1-CSN displayed the highest activity at 50 °C and was fairly stable at ≤45 °C. Its apparent kinetic parameters against chitosan (DDA: degree of deacetylation, >94%) were determined, with Km and kcat values of 1.8 mg/mL and 88.3 s−1, respectively. Cu2+ enhanced the activity of Sn1-CSN by 54.2%, whereas Fe3+ inhibited activity by 15.1%. Hydrolysis products of chitosan (DDA > 94%) by Sn1-CSN were mainly composed of chitobiose (87.3%), whereas partially acetylated chitosan with DDA 69% was mainly converted into partially acetylated COS with DP 2-13. This endo-chitosanase has great potential to be used for the preparation of chitobiose and partially acetylated COS with different DPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Chitin 2021)
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