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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil
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Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9902

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cinzia Parolini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Interests: lipoproteins; marine fish proteins; fish oil; functional foods; atherosclerosis; animal models
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The World Health Organization estimates that cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death world-wide, and residual risk after implementing all current therapies is still high. It is thus crucial that all health professionals make appropriate use of all the available intervention strategies to control risk factors. Although genetic factors and aging are important in determining the overall risk, a substantial proportion of CVD occurs in conjunction with a series of modifiable risk factors, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes, susceptible to lifestyle modifications, which include dietary improvement, adequate physical activity and the use of functional foods, food supplements and drugs. Emerging research has explored the application of natural food-based strategies in disease management. With marine species comprising approximately one-half of the global biodiversity, the ocean offers a wonderful resource for novel compounds, which may serve in improving health of the worldwide population. Many of the positive effects of fish, including those on dyslipidemia and heart disease, have been attributed to fish oil and more specifically to n-3 PUFAs, i.e. EPA and DHA.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather new information regarding the novel therapeutic applications of fish oil. In addition, this Research Topic targets at up- dating the use of fish oil in CVD and in others human disease.

Dr. Cinzia Parolini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiovascular disease
  • clinical trials
  • cholesterol
  • fish oil
  • hypertension
  • EPA
  • DHA
  • n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • triglycerides

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2413 KiB  
Article
Omacor Protects Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats Exposed to Continuous Light from Increased Risk to Malignant Cardiac Arrhythmias
by Tamara Egan Benova, Csilla Viczenczova, Barbara Szeiffova Bacova, Jitka Zurmanova, Vladimir Knezl, Katarina Andelova and Narcis Tribulova
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(12), 659; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19120659 - 24 Nov 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2368
Abstract
Light pollution disturbs circadian rhythm, and this can also be deleterious to the heart by increased susceptibility to arrhythmias. Herein, we investigated if rats exposed to continuous light had altered myocardial gene transcripts and/or protein expression which affects arrhythmogenesis. We then assessed if [...] Read more.
Light pollution disturbs circadian rhythm, and this can also be deleterious to the heart by increased susceptibility to arrhythmias. Herein, we investigated if rats exposed to continuous light had altered myocardial gene transcripts and/or protein expression which affects arrhythmogenesis. We then assessed if Omacor® supplementation benefitted affected rats. Male and female spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats (WR) were housed under standard 12 h/12 h light/dark cycles or exposed to 6-weeks continuous 300 lux light for 24 h. Half the rats were then treated with 200 mg/100 g b.w. Omacor®. Continuous light resulted in higher male rat vulnerability to malignant ventricular fibrillation (VF). This was linked with myocardial connexin-43 (Cx43) down-regulation and deteriorated intercellular electrical coupling, due in part to increased pro-inflammatory NF-κB and iNOS transcripts and decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ATPase transcripts. Omacor® treatment increased the electrical threshold to induce the VF linked with amelioration of myocardial Cx43 mRNA and Cx43 protein levels and the suppression of NF-κB and iNOS. This indicates that rat exposure to continuous light results in deleterious cardiac alterations jeopardizing intercellular Cx43 channel-mediated electrical communication, thereby increasing the risk of malignant arrhythmias. The adverse effects were attenuated by treatment with Omacor®, thus supporting its potential benefit and the relevance of monitoring omega-3 index in human populations at risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil)
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19 pages, 923 KiB  
Article
Effects of a Fish Oil Rich in Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Rats
by Bernat Miralles-Pérez, Lucía Méndez, Maria Rosa Nogués, Vanessa Sánchez-Martos, Àngels Fortuño-Mar, Sara Ramos-Romero, Mercè Hereu, Isabel Medina and Marta Romeu
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(10), 555; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19100555 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3582
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with a lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is easily oxidized, leading to cellular damage. The present study examined the effects of an increased concentration of DHA in fish oil (80% of total fatty [...] Read more.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with a lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is easily oxidized, leading to cellular damage. The present study examined the effects of an increased concentration of DHA in fish oil (80% of total fatty acids) on cardiometabolic risk factors and oxidative stress compared to coconut oil, soybean oil, and fish oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA in a balanced ratio. Forty healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats were supplemented with corresponding oil for 10 weeks. Supplementation with the fish oil containing 80% DHA decreased plasma fat, plasma total cholesterol and muscle fat compared to the coconut oil and the soybean oil. Increasing concentrations of DHA induced incorporation of DHA and EPA in cell membranes and tissues along with a decrease in ω-6 arachidonic acid. The increase in DHA promoted lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and antioxidant response. Taken together, the increased concentration of DHA in fish oil reduced fat accumulation compared to the coconut oil and the soybean oil. This benefit was accompanied by high lipid peroxidation and subsequent protein carbonylation in plasma and in liver. In our healthy framework, the slightly higher carbonylation found after receiving fish oil containing 80% DHA might be a protecting mechanism, which fit with the general improvement of antioxidant defense observed in those rats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil)
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13 pages, 1371 KiB  
Article
Fish Oil, Se Yeast, and Micronutrient-Enriched Nutrition as Adjuvant Treatment during Target Therapy in a Murine Model of Lung Cancer
by Hang Wang, Simon Hsia, Tsung-Han Wu and Chang-Jer Wu
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(5), 262; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19050262 - 4 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3050
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of primary treatment modalities for cancer, the side effects of treatments, medication resistance, and the deterioration of cachexia after disease progression lead to poor prognosis. A supportive treatment modality to overcome these limitations would be considered a major breakthrough. Here, [...] Read more.
Despite the effectiveness of primary treatment modalities for cancer, the side effects of treatments, medication resistance, and the deterioration of cachexia after disease progression lead to poor prognosis. A supportive treatment modality to overcome these limitations would be considered a major breakthrough. Here, we used two different target drugs to demonstrate whether a nutraceutical formula (fish oil, Se yeast, and micronutrient-enriched nutrition; NuF) can interfere with cancer cachexia and improve drug efficacy. After Lewis lung cancer (LLC) tumor injection, the C57BL/6 mice were orally administered targeted therapy drugs Iressa and Sutent alone or combined with NuF for 27 days. Sutent administration effectively inhibited tumor size but increased the number of lung metastases in the long term. Sutent combined with NuF had no significant difference in tumor weight and metastasis compare with Sutent alone. However, NuF slightly attenuated metastases number in lung may via mesenchymal marker N-cadherin suppression. NuF otherwise increased epithelial-like marker E-cadherin expression and induce NO-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway in tumor cells, thereby strengthening the ability of the targeted therapy drug Iressa for inhibiting tumor progression. Our results demonstrate that NuF can promote the anticancer effect of lung cancer to targeted therapy, especially in Iressa, by inhibiting HIF-1α and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inducing the apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, NuF attenuates cancer-related cachectic symptoms by inhibiting systemic oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil)
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