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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0
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Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2022) | Viewed by 19678

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Maria Michela Corsaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Interests: carbohydrate analysis; mass spectrometry; NMR; bacterial surface glycans
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbohydrates are an enormous class of molecules comprising polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and monosaccharides. In nature, all carbohydrates can be found alone or as glyconjugates, mainly linked to proteins or lipids. Seas and oceans are untapped reservoirs of these molecules, which are produced by bacteria, microalgae, and cyanobacteria. Within this field, many products containing carbohydrates and showing biological activities have been discovered. Nevertheless, the very wide structural diversity of carbohydrate-containing molecules and, in some cases, their scarce solubility make their analysis exceptionally challenging.

The Special Issue titled “Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0” aims to collect as many original researches and reviews concerning marine polysaccharides and oligosaccharides isolation, structural determination, physico-chemical properties, biological activity, and biotechnological application as films or nanoparticles in food and pharmaceutical fields as possible. Furthermore, work aiming to increase knowledge about the marine biofouling matrix regarding polysaccharides isolated from marine bacterial biofilms are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Maria Michela Corsaro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Polysaccharides
  • Oligosaccharides
  • Structural determination
  • Biofilm
  • Bacteria
  • Algae
  • Physico-chemical properties
  • Biological activity

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3074 KiB  
Article
Structure of the Cell-Wall-Associated Polysaccharides from the Deep-Sea Marine Bacterium Devosia submarina KMM 9415T
by Maxim S. Kokoulin, Lyudmila A. Romanenko, Aleksandra S. Kuzmich and Oleg Chernikov
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(12), 665; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19120665 - 26 Nov 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1985
Abstract
Two cell-wall-associated polysaccharides were isolated and purified from the deep-sea marine bacterium Devosia submarina KMM 9415T, purified by ultracentrifugation and enzymatic treatment, separated by chromatographic techniques, and studied by sugar analyses and NMR spectroscopy. The first polysaccharide with a molecular weight [...] Read more.
Two cell-wall-associated polysaccharides were isolated and purified from the deep-sea marine bacterium Devosia submarina KMM 9415T, purified by ultracentrifugation and enzymatic treatment, separated by chromatographic techniques, and studied by sugar analyses and NMR spectroscopy. The first polysaccharide with a molecular weight of about 20.7 kDa was found to contain d-arabinose, and the following structure of its disaccharide repeating unit was established: →2)-α-d-Araf-(1→5)-α-d-Araf-(1→. The second polysaccharide was shown to consist of d-galactose and a rare component of bacterial glycans-d-xylulose: →3)-α-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Xluf-(1→. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0)
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15 pages, 4240 KiB  
Article
Complete Lipooligosaccharide Structure from Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens Sq02-Rifr and Study of Its Immunomodulatory Activity
by Rossella Di Guida, Angela Casillo, Antonietta Stellavato, Celeste Di Meo, Soichiro Kawai, Jun Kawamoto, Takuya Ogawa, Tatsuo Kurihara, Chiara Schiraldi and Maria Michela Corsaro
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(11), 646; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19110646 - 19 Nov 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2521
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are surface glycoconjugates embedded in the external leaflet of the outer membrane (OM) of the Gram-negative bacteria. They consist of three regions: lipid A, core oligosaccharide (OS), and O-specific polysaccharide or O-antigen. Lipid A is the glycolipid endotoxin domain that anchors [...] Read more.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are surface glycoconjugates embedded in the external leaflet of the outer membrane (OM) of the Gram-negative bacteria. They consist of three regions: lipid A, core oligosaccharide (OS), and O-specific polysaccharide or O-antigen. Lipid A is the glycolipid endotoxin domain that anchors the LPS molecule to the OM, and therefore, its chemical structure is crucial in the maintenance of membrane integrity in the Gram-negative bacteria. In this paper, we reported the characterization of the lipid A and OS structures from Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens Sq02-Rifr, which is a psychrotrophic Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of Seriola quinqueradiata. The immunomodulatory activity of both LPS and lipid A was also examined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0)
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15 pages, 4142 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Biotechnological Potential of Extracellular Polysaccharides Synthesized by Alteromonas Strains Isolated from French Polynesia Marine Environments
by Patrícia Concórdio-Reis, Vítor D. Alves, Xavier Moppert, Jean Guézennec, Filomena Freitas and Maria A. M. Reis
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(9), 522; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19090522 - 17 Sep 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3978
Abstract
Marine environments comprise almost three quarters of Earth’s surface, representing the largest ecosystem of our planet. The vast ecological and metabolic diversity found in marine microorganisms suggest that these marine resources have a huge potential as sources of novel commercially appealing biomolecules, such [...] Read more.
Marine environments comprise almost three quarters of Earth’s surface, representing the largest ecosystem of our planet. The vast ecological and metabolic diversity found in marine microorganisms suggest that these marine resources have a huge potential as sources of novel commercially appealing biomolecules, such as exopolysaccharides (EPS). Six Alteromonas strains from different marine environments in French Polynesia atolls were selected for EPS extraction. All the EPS were heteropolysaccharides composed of different monomers, including neutral monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, and mannose, rhamnose and fucose), and uronic acids (glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid), which accounted for up to 45.5 mol% of the EPS compositions. Non-carbohydrate substituents, such as acetyl (0.5–2.1 wt%), pyruvyl (0.2–4.9 wt%), succinyl (1–1.8 wt%), and sulfate (1.98–3.43 wt%); and few peptides (1.72–6.77 wt%) were also detected. Thermal analysis demonstrated that the EPS had a degradation temperature above 260 °C, and high char yields (32–53%). Studies on EPS functional properties revealed that they produce viscous aqueous solutions with a shear thinning behavior and could form strong gels in two distinct ways: by the addition of Fe2+, or in the presence of Mg2+, Cu2+, or Ca2+ under alkaline conditions. Thus, these EPS could be versatile materials for different applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0)
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Review

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24 pages, 3249 KiB  
Review
Biodegradation and Prospect of Polysaccharide from Crustaceans
by Shuting Qiu, Shipeng Zhou, Yue Tan, Jiayao Feng, Yan Bai, Jincan He, Hua Cao, Qishi Che, Jiao Guo and Zhengquan Su
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(5), 310; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20050310 - 2 May 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4262
Abstract
Marine crustacean waste has not been fully utilized and is a rich source of chitin. Enzymatic degradation has attracted the wide attention of researchers due to its unique biocatalytic ability to protect the environment. Chitosan (CTS) and its derivative chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) with [...] Read more.
Marine crustacean waste has not been fully utilized and is a rich source of chitin. Enzymatic degradation has attracted the wide attention of researchers due to its unique biocatalytic ability to protect the environment. Chitosan (CTS) and its derivative chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) with various biological activities can be obtained by the enzymatic degradation of chitin. Many studies have shown that chitosan and its derivatives, chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs), have beneficial properties, including lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities, and have important application value in the medical treatment field, the food industry and agriculture. In this review, we describe the classification, biochemical characteristics and catalytic mechanisms of the major degrading enzymes: chitinases, chitin deacetylases (CDAs) and chitosanases. We also introduced the technology for enzymatic design and modification and proposed the current problems and development trends of enzymatic degradation of chitin polysaccharides. The discussion on the characteristics and catalytic mechanism of chitosan-degrading enzymes will help to develop new types of hydrolases by various biotechnology methods and promote their application in chitosan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0)
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19 pages, 18734 KiB  
Review
The Microstructure, Antibacterial and Antitumor Activities of Chitosan Oligosaccharides and Derivatives
by Dawei Yu, Jiayao Feng, Huimin You, Shipeng Zhou, Yan Bai, Jincan He, Hua Cao, Qishi Che, Jiao Guo and Zhengquan Su
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(1), 69; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20010069 - 13 Jan 2022
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 5631
Abstract
Chitosan obtained from abundant marine resources has been proven to have a variety of biological activities. However, due to its poor water solubility, chitosan application is limited, and the degradation products of chitosan oligosaccharides are better than chitosan regarding performance. Chitosan oligosaccharides have [...] Read more.
Chitosan obtained from abundant marine resources has been proven to have a variety of biological activities. However, due to its poor water solubility, chitosan application is limited, and the degradation products of chitosan oligosaccharides are better than chitosan regarding performance. Chitosan oligosaccharides have two kinds of active groups, amino and hydroxyl groups, which can form a variety of derivatives, and the properties of these derivatives can be further improved. In this review, the key structures of chitosan oligosaccharides and recent studies on chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives, including their synthesis methods, are described. Finally, the antimicrobial and antitumor applications of chitosan oligosaccharides and their derivatives are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides 2.0)
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