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Lubricants
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Cast Iron as a Tribological Material
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Cast Iron as a Tribological Material

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 September 2025 | Viewed by 1629

Special Issue Editors

Dr. John Walker

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS), University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
Interests: tribology; materials science; surface metrology; tribological testing; scuffing; cast iron; surface texturing; surface engineering; light weight alloys; coatings
Dr. Timothy Kamps

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
Interests: tribology; materials science; surface metrology; tribological testing; scuffing; cast iron; coatings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The advancement of humankind into the iron age initiated one of our earliest historical revolutions, based on the discovery of a material resource that would facilitate innovation across a vast range of applications. Today, the enduring legacy of cast iron as a technical engineering material continues, particularly in its application as a tribological surface. Its broad range of properties that have been tailored by modern metallurgical practice, combined with cost-effective manufacturing, enable the fullfilment of design criteria across a comprehensive array of engineering sectors. This Special Issue explores recent advancements in our understanding of the performance of cast iron as a surface tribological material. Submissions that address an experimental and theoretical range of tribological applications and cast iron microstructures are welcome.

Dr. John Walker
Dr. Timothy Kamps
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cast iron
  • tribology
  • wear
  • friction
  • sliding
  • lubrication
  • scuffing
  • graphite
  • cementite
  • austempering

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 8478 KiB  
Article
Tribological Performance of Electrochemically Textured EN-GJS 400-15 Spheroidal Cast Iron
by Peng Jiang, Jonathon Mitchell-Smith and John Christopher Walker
Lubricants 2025, 13(5), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13050203 - 2 May 2025
Viewed by 249
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental study of uniform and variable texture patterns on a honed EN-GJS 400-15 spheroidal graphite cast iron surface. Textured samples were fabricated using a CNC electrochemical jet machining technique and tested against a 52100 G5 roller countersurface featuring a [...] Read more.
This paper presents an experimental study of uniform and variable texture patterns on a honed EN-GJS 400-15 spheroidal graphite cast iron surface. Textured samples were fabricated using a CNC electrochemical jet machining technique and tested against a 52100 G5 roller countersurface featuring a rectangular 1 mm × 13 mm contact area. Tribological tests were conducted in a fully flooded PAO4 lubricant bath at 30 °C on a TE-77 reciprocating sliding tribometer with a 25 mm stroke length. Frictional behaviour was assessed at test frequencies from 12 to 18 Hz under two loads, 11 N and 50 N, covering mixed and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes. Experimental results demonstrated that EJM textured surfaces were accurately fabricated within a ±2.50 µm standard error in depth, with chemical etching effects reducing the Rq roughness of initial grinding marks by 0.223 µm. Textured surfaces exhibited a more pronounced friction performance at 50 N than at 11 N, exhibiting a consistent friction reduction of up to 18.8% compared to the untextured surface. The variable textured surface outperformed the uniform textured surface under the mixed lubrication regime due to the enhanced secondary lubrication effect. Optical and SEM analyses revealed that textured surfaces reduced plastic deformation and two-body abrasion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cast Iron as a Tribological Material)
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Review

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14 pages, 2179 KiB  
Review
Modification of the Surface Layer of Grey Cast Iron by Laser Heat Treatment
by Marta Paczkowska
Lubricants 2024, 12(12), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12120457 - 19 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1036
Abstract
This paper presents possible modifications to the properties of grey cast iron by laser heat treatment. These modifications are analyzed especially with regard to wear properties as a result of graphite content, which is a well-known solid lubricant. Examples of applications of grey [...] Read more.
This paper presents possible modifications to the properties of grey cast iron by laser heat treatment. These modifications are analyzed especially with regard to wear properties as a result of graphite content, which is a well-known solid lubricant. Examples of applications of grey cast iron in cases where good wear resistance is required are presented. Laser hardening from the solid state, laser remelting, and laser alloying are characterized. In this study, changes in the surface layer caused by these treatments were analyzed (especially the influence on the microstructure—including graphite content—and wear properties). It was shown that all of these treatments enable the wear resistance of the surface layer to be enhanced, mostly due to the increase in the hardness and microstructure homogeneity. It was also proven that it is possible to retain the graphite phase (at least partially) in the modified surface layer, which is crucial in the case of friction wear resistance. In particular, laser hardening from the solid state does not eliminate graphite. Laser remelting and alloying cause the dilution of carbon from the graphite phase to the melted metal matrix, but, in the case of nodular cast iron, it is possible that not all of the valuable graphite in the surface layer is lost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cast Iron as a Tribological Material)
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