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Lubricants
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Advances in Hydrodynamic Friction in Combustion Engines
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Advances in Hydrodynamic Friction in Combustion Engines

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 November 2025 | Viewed by 2476

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sunny Narayan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanics and Advanced Materials, Campus Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnológico, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
Interests: design; lubricants; alternative fuels; tribology
Dr. Brahim Menacer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratoire des Systèmes Complexes (LSC), Ecole Supérieur en Génie Electrique et Énergétique d’Oran, Chemin Vicinal N 9, Oran, Algeria
Interests: lubrication; engines; tribology; friction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

An important feature in the reduction in friction and power loss of combustion engines is the development of hydrodynamic lubrication. Viscosity of the lubricant, speed, load, geometry, and roughness of the surfaces affects the development of hydrodynamic lubrication in engines. This Special Issue, entitled "Advances in Hydrodynamic Friction in Combustion Engines," focuses on employing theoretical and experimental methods in order to reveal the relationship between various oil lubrication parameters and the performance of combustion engine systems.

This Special Issue encompasses both numerical and experimental studies, aiming to provide a comprehensive exploration of the subject matter. Researchers and engineers from diverse backgrounds have contributed their expertise to this Special Issue, making it a valuable resource for anyone interested in interfacing mechanics, friction-induced lubrication, tribodynamics, and mechanical system dynamics, among others.

This Special Issue explores the role of lubrication, including fluid and solid lubrication, in mitigating friction in engines. Lubricants play a crucial role in reducing friction and wear, thereby minimizing the occurrence of vibration-induced failure and vibration noise. This Special Issue aims to optimize lubrication strategies in order to enhance the performance and longevity of mechanical combustion engines.

In summary, this Special Issue, entitled "Advances in hydrodynamic friction in combustion engines", offers a comprehensive exploration of the field of interfacial science. It addresses various aspects, including interfacing mechanics, friction-inspired design of engines, tribodynamics, and more. It is anticipated that this Special Issue will provide valuable insights for researchers and engineers in related fields.

Dr. Sunny Narayan
Dr. Brahim Menacer
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • friction
  • lubrication
  • tribology
  • combustion engines

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 4320 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Oil Viscosity and Fuel Quality on Internal Combustion Engine Performance and Emissions: An Experimental Approach
by Milton Garcia Tobar, Kevin Pinta Pesantez, Pablo Jimenez Romero and Rafael Wilmer Contreras Urgiles
Lubricants 2025, 13(4), 188; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13040188 - 18 Apr 2025
Viewed by 137
Abstract
The automotive industry faces increasing challenges due to fuel scarcity and pollutant emissions, necessitating the implementation of strategies that optimize engine performance while minimizing the environmental impact. This study aimed to analyze the influence of oil viscosity and fuel quality on the engine [...] Read more.
The automotive industry faces increasing challenges due to fuel scarcity and pollutant emissions, necessitating the implementation of strategies that optimize engine performance while minimizing the environmental impact. This study aimed to analyze the influence of oil viscosity and fuel quality on the engine performance and pollutant emissions in an internal combustion engine. A Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-based experimental design was employed. Three oil viscosity levels (SAE 5W-30, 10W-30, and 20W-50) and three fuel quality levels (87, 92, and 95 octane) were evaluated using a Chevrolet Grand Vitara 2.0L (General Motors, Quito, Ecuador) tested on a dynamometer. The oil grades were selected to represent a practical range of viscosities commonly used in commercial vehicles operating under local conditions. The results indicate that using lower-viscosity oil (SAE 5W-30) increased the engine power by up to 6.25% compared to when using SAE 20W-50. Additionally, using higher-octane fuel led to an average power increase of 1.49%, attributed to improved combustion stability and the ability to operate at a more advanced ignition timing without knocking. The emissions analysis revealed that high-viscosity oil at high RPMs increased CO2 emissions to 14.4% vol, whereas low-viscosity oil at low RPMs reduced CO2 emissions to 13.4% vol. Statistical analysis confirmed that the engine speed (RPM) was the most influential factor in emissions (F = 163.11 and p < 0.0001 for CO2; F = 247.02 and p < 0.0001 for NOx), while fuel quality also played a significant role. These findings suggest that optimizing the oil viscosity and selecting the appropriate fuel can enhance engine efficiency and reduce emissions, thereby contributing to the development of more sustainable automotive technologies. Future research should explore the use of ultra-low-viscosity lubricants (SAE 0W-20) and assess their long-term effects on engine wear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrodynamic Friction in Combustion Engines)
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23 pages, 10472 KiB  
Article
Impact of Influence of Piston Design Parameters on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Internal Combustion Engines—A Numerical Study
by Brahim Menacer, Sunny Narayan, Víctor Tuninetti, Tawfiq Khatir, Angelo Oñate, Liomnis Osorio, Shitu Abubakar, Joseph Samuel, Ivan Grujic, Nadica Stojanovic and Muhammad Usman Kaisan
Lubricants 2024, 12(12), 427; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12120427 - 2 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1802
Abstract
Piston top rings in the combustion engine play a crucial role in the overall hydrodynamic performance of engines, such as power loss, minimum film thickness and friction forces, by ensuring sealing and minimizing the leakage of burnt gases. This present paper examines the [...] Read more.
Piston top rings in the combustion engine play a crucial role in the overall hydrodynamic performance of engines, such as power loss, minimum film thickness and friction forces, by ensuring sealing and minimizing the leakage of burnt gases. This present paper examines the influence of four key parameters of the top ring, such as ring width, ring temperature, ring tension, and ring surface roughness on the hydrodynamic behavior at the ring/cylinder contact. These parameters play a significant role in the formation and maintenance of the oil film, directly influencing hydrodynamic indicators such as the minimum oil film thickness, friction force, power loss, oil pressure, and the ring angle twist. This article relies on hydrodynamic models and numerical simulations performed using GT-SUITE version 6 software to analyze these effects. The pressure curve used in this simulation is experimentally validated for an engine speed of 2000 RPM. It was found that an increase in the top ring temperature reduces the oil’s viscosity, decreasing the film thickness and increasing the risk of metal-to-metal contact. Increasing the roughness of the ring enhances oil film stability, especially at the bottom dead center (BDC) points during each phase of the operating cycle. Further, three different types of ring profiles were investigated for friction forces by varying the speed of the engine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrodynamic Friction in Combustion Engines)
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