Recent Trends in Prebiotic Chemistry

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Origin of Life".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2026 | Viewed by 4546

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
2. Rensselaer Astrobiology Research and Education Center (RARE), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
Interests: prebiotic phosphorylation; mineral-clay catalysis; reduced phosphorus chemistry; hydrothermal phosphorus chemistry; non-aqueous solvents; condensation–dehydration reactions; synthetic chemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Understanding the origin of life is fundamental to addressing some of science’s most profound questions about our existence and our place in the universe. This field bridges multiple disciplines—biology, chemistry, astronomy, and geology—and offers valuable insights into how life may emerge elsewhere in the cosmos. Over the past decade, there have been significant advances in prebiotic chemistry and origins-of-life research, opening new avenues for exploration and discovery.

We are pleased to announce the Special Issue titled ‘Recent Trends in Prebiotic Chemistry’ in the journal Life. This issue seeks to explore a very broad spectrum of topics related to the inventory of organic and inorganic chemicals on early Earth, as well as the chemical evolution, prebiotic synthesis and emergence of life. We encourage submissions from both early career- and established researchers. Our aim is to highlight original research that deepens our understanding of life’s origins while offering fresh perspectives on the future of the field.

We invite researchers to contribute manuscripts that address, but are not limited to, the following foundational and emerging topics within an emphasis on recent trends in the origins of life and related disciplines:

- Early Earth conditions—a geochemical perspective;

- Early Earth inventory;

- Chirality;

- Roles of meteorites in the origin of life;

- Prebiotic chemical synthesis;

- Early metabolic cycles;

- Modern analog sites to understand early Earth and origin of life;

- Challenges in prebiotic synthesis;

- Self-assembly and autocatalytic reactions;

- Mineral, clay, and salt induced prebiotic synthesis;

- Condensation, dehydration including wet-dry cyclic reactions;

- Messy chemistry;

- The evolution of earliest life;

- The impact of prebiotic chemistry on the quest for extraterrestrial biosignatures;

- Analytical techniques to study prebiotic chemical reactions;

- Interstellar syntheses;

- Meteoritics;

- Astrophysics.

Dr. Maheen Gull
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • early earth
  • prebiotic chemistry
  • meteorites
  • molecules of life
  • phosphorylation
  • challenges in prebiotic chemistry
  • chirality
  • condensation
  • wet–dry cycles
  • RNA world
  • hydrothermal systems
  • mineral catalysis

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

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25 pages, 2642 KB  
Review
Chemical Routes to Primitive Membranes: Prebiotic Lipid Formation at the Origin of Life
by Anastasiia Shvetsova and Michele Fiore
Life 2026, 16(3), 497; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16030497 - 18 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1329
Abstract
The origin of life is, to the best of our knowledge, impossible to imagine without the formation of complex prebiotic biomolecules such as RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Lipids play a crucial role in the spontaneous formation of cell membranes, which are responsible [...] Read more.
The origin of life is, to the best of our knowledge, impossible to imagine without the formation of complex prebiotic biomolecules such as RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Lipids play a crucial role in the spontaneous formation of cell membranes, which are responsible for cell integrity, compartmentalization, selective permeability, and providing a microenvironment for biochemical reactions. The goal of the current work is to summarize the current state of the art regarding the abiotic formation of membrane building blocks, such as glycerol, fatty acids, and their phosphorylated version as phospholipid precursors. We describe the necessity of a systems chemistry approach for the complexification and expansion of the prebiotic network, enabling the formation of several membranogenic precursors. We also discuss prebiotic pathways for phosphorylation and acylation that could lead to phospholipid availability in hydrothermal environments and on the early Earth surface. We conclude with the possible spontaneous vesiculation of these molecules as a primitive version of the cell membrane. Thus, we present a comprehensive perspective on prebiotic vesicle formation, starting from simple molecules and developing until the self-assembly of vesicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Prebiotic Chemistry)
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Other

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40 pages, 2666 KB  
Perspective
Borate-Bridged Protolipids: A Prebiotic Route to Abiotic Membranes
by Valery M. Dembitsky, Alexander O. Terent’ev and Ion Romulus I. Scorei
Life 2026, 16(5), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16050714 - 22 Apr 2026
Viewed by 600
Abstract
The emergence of membrane boundaries represents a decisive transition in the origin of life, yet the molecular nature of the earliest abiotic membranes remains uncertain. Existing models based on simple fatty acids, while experimentally tractable, often lack the environmental robustness required under fluctuating [...] Read more.
The emergence of membrane boundaries represents a decisive transition in the origin of life, yet the molecular nature of the earliest abiotic membranes remains uncertain. Existing models based on simple fatty acids, while experimentally tractable, often lack the environmental robustness required under fluctuating prebiotic conditions. Furthermore, the absence of clear pathways linking primitive amphiphiles to later phospholipid systems highlights the need for chemically continuous intermediate frameworks. Here, we explore borate-bridged amphiphile–carbohydrate conjugates as plausible intermediates between simple prebiotic surfactants and modern lipid bilayers. These conjugates arise from low-molecular-weight polyols—including glycerol, butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol, pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexitol—reacting with long-chain alkyl ethers and borate species under alkaline conditions, enabling reversible coupling to ribose and other vicinal diol-containing sugars. This chemistry integrates three essential properties for early compartmentalization: hydrolytically robust ether-linked hydrophobic domains, multivalent and highly hydrated headgroups, and environmentally responsive borate coordination. Comparative physicochemical analysis suggests that single-tail alkylglycerol derivatives preferentially form micelles and interfacial films, while di- and tri-tail tetritol and pentitol conjugates favor lamellar assemblies and vesicle formation across realistic prebiotic pH and salinity ranges. Hexitol-based systems, particularly those bearing three hydrophobic chains, may act as membrane-stabilizing components that enhance rigidity and reduce permeability under extreme conditions. We propose that heterogeneous mixtures dominated by two-tail polyol diethers, supplemented by tri-tail stabilizers and surface-active alkylglycerols, could provide mechanically robust, pH-tunable, and sugar-decorated abiotic membranes. Such borate-mediated amphiphiles offer a chemically coherent framework linking carbohydrate stabilization, ether lipid persistence, and dynamic self-assembly, potentially representing a transitional stage in the evolutionary pathway from primitive amphiphilic films to biologically encoded membranes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Prebiotic Chemistry)
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6 pages, 176 KB  
Opinion
Who Decides What Is Prebiotically Plausible? The Risks of Premature Constraints in Origin-of-Life Research
by Simon H. J. Eiby and Tue Hassenkam
Life 2025, 15(11), 1650; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15111650 - 22 Oct 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1478
Abstract
The origin of life is the ultimate scientific puzzle. The leap in complexity from inanimate matter to even the simplest known organisms is overwhelming, and the transition from simple chemistry to life is best viewed as a long, directionless pathway. So, how did [...] Read more.
The origin of life is the ultimate scientific puzzle. The leap in complexity from inanimate matter to even the simplest known organisms is overwhelming, and the transition from simple chemistry to life is best viewed as a long, directionless pathway. So, how did life arise de novo from simple chemical molecules? The chemical space of potential reactants, catalysts and inhibiting agents is vast, while our knowledge of prebiotic conditions is limited. This makes it difficult to assess whether reaction pathways are prebiotically plausible. Origin-of-life research is therefore inherently speculative and shaped by competing schools of thought. Prebiotic plausibility should inform discussion and exploration, but not impose undue constraints based on personal preferences. Genuine progress is achieved through openness to diverse approaches and scenarios, ensuring that a broad spectrum of studies and their underlying rationales, assumptions, and methodologies are visible and explored. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Prebiotic Chemistry)
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