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Special Issues
Pharmacogenomics and Hypertension: Problems and Prospects
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Pharmacogenomics and Hypertension: Problems and Prospects

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmacogenetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 July 2025 | Viewed by 4312

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Brian L. Rayner

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Guest Editor
Division of Nephrology and Hyertension, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Interests: hypertension; chronic kidney disease; pharmacogenomics of hypertension
Prof. Dr. Collet Dandara

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation (PREMED), South African Medical Research Council & Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Interests: genomics; cardiovascular diseases; hypertension pharmacogenomics; genetic susceptibility

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Arterial hypertension is a complex disorder that has a strong underlying hereditary and environmental basis. Genetic factors are estimated to contribute between 40 and 60% to the underlying pathogenesis. Treatment has remained empiric, control rates are suboptimal, and there is minimal translation of genetics from the bench to the clinic.

Although rare monogenic forms of hypertension with a distinct phenotype were initially well documented and provided specific treatments, the overall genetic risk for hypertension was considered to be polygenetic in origin; however, initial GWAS studies could only explain 2% of the overall risk, which led to a degree of nihilism in relation to the pharmacogenetics of hypertension.

The aim and the scope of this Special Issue are to review and publish cutting-edge research on new developments in the understanding of the genetics of arterial hypertension, the translation of genetic research to the clinic, and future directions for pharmacogenomics.

We are soliciting original articles related to understanding the genetic architecture of hypertension, genetic risk scoring, Mendelian randomization, epigenetics, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antihypertensive drugs, and translational research. We will also consider state-of-the-art manuscripts on the status of pharmacogenomics and future directions.

Prof. Dr. Brian L. Rayner
Prof. Dr. Collet Dandara
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hypertension
  • pharmacogenomics
  • epigenetics
  • Mendelian randomization
  • genetic risk scores
  • pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 283 KiB  
Article
Genetic Factors Contributing to the Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension in Two African Populations
by Kusha Kalideen, Brian Rayner and Raj Ramesar
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(3), 323; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14030323 - 20 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2574
Abstract
The African continent has the highest prevalence of hypertension globally, with South Africa reporting the highest prevalence in Southern Africa. While the influence of genetic variability in the pathogenesis of hypertension is well described internationally, limited reports are available for African populations. This [...] Read more.
The African continent has the highest prevalence of hypertension globally, with South Africa reporting the highest prevalence in Southern Africa. While the influence of genetic variability in the pathogenesis of hypertension is well described internationally, limited reports are available for African populations. This study aimed to assess the association of genetic variants and essential hypertension in a cohort of two ethnic South African population groups. Two hundred and seventy-seven hypertensive and one hundred and seventy-six normotensive individuals were genotyped for 78 variants. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina GoldenGate Assay and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. The association of variants was assessed using the Fisher Exact test under the additive and allelic genetic models, while multivariate logistic regression was used to predict the development of hypertension. Five variants (CYP11B2 rs179998, AGT rs5051 and rs699, AGTR1 rs5186, and ACE rs4646994) were significantly associated with essential hypertension in the cohort under study. Furthermore, AGTR1 rs5186 and AGT rs699 were identified as risk factors for the development of hypertension in both ethnic groups. In two ethnic South African populations, an association was observed between renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS)-related genes and the development of hypertension. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacogenomics and Hypertension: Problems and Prospects)

Review

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21 pages, 1734 KiB  
Review
Exploratory Studies on RNAi-Based Therapies Targeting Angiotensinogen in Hypertension: Scoping Review
by Antonio da Silva Menezes Junior, Thallys Henrique Marques Nogueira, Khissya Beatryz Alves de Lima, Henrique Lima de Oliveira and Silvia Marçal Botelho
J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15010003 - 25 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1126
Abstract
Background: Systemic arterial hypertension contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many patients cannot achieve optimal blood pressure (BP) control with traditional therapies, which often results in poor patient adherence and limited long-term efficacy. We investigated the potential of RNA interference (RNAi) therapies [...] Read more.
Background: Systemic arterial hypertension contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many patients cannot achieve optimal blood pressure (BP) control with traditional therapies, which often results in poor patient adherence and limited long-term efficacy. We investigated the potential of RNA interference (RNAi) therapies targeting hepatic angiotensinogen (AGT) for hypertension management. Methods: This scoping review was conducted by the Joanna Briggs Institute, following a six-stage methodological framework and adhering to PRISMA recommendations. A comprehensive search was conducted across seven databases to identify relevant studies published until May 2024. Data extraction was performed separately, and both quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted. A population, concept, and context model-based search was performed, selecting controlled MeSH terms and uncontrolled descriptors and cross-referencing them using Booleans. Results: Fifteen articles met our inclusion criteria. Focusing on the efficacy and safety of RNAi-based therapies, this review discusses several key approaches, including antisense oligonucleotides (IONIS-AGT-LRx), small interfering RNA (siRNAs; zilebesiran), and adeno-associated viruses carrying short hairpin RNAs. Notably, zilebesiran conjugated with N-acetylgalactosamine significantly reduced systolic BP by 20 mmHg, sustained for up to six months post-administration, with minimal adverse effects. Conclusions: RNAi-based therapies, particularly those using siRNAs, such as zilebesiran, are promising for the treatment of hypertension. They offer long-term BP control with fewer doses, potentially improving patient adherence and outcome. Although these therapies address several limitations of current antihypertensive treatments, further studies are required to confirm their long-term safety and efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacogenomics and Hypertension: Problems and Prospects)
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