Traumatic Brain Injury: Complications and Outcomes of Precision Medicine

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 1410

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa University Hospital, 41110 Larissa, Greece
Interests: neurosurgery; spine surgery; systematic review; meta-analysis; traumatic brain injury; biostatistics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Traumatic brain injury is a serious and heterogeneous disorder in which external forces cause damage to the brain. It is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates and a significant economic burden.

Currently, the treatment of traumatic brain injury is guided by the severity of symptoms and radiologic diagnosis based on the computed tomography of the head. However, the recent evidence shows that several additional factors such as genetic factors, radiologic predictors and the timing of therapy initiation are associated with a better outcome.

This Special Issue focuses on describing personalized predictors, effect mediators and modifiers from different areas that could contribute to improving patient outcomes in traumatic brain injury. We invite you to submit relevant original research and state-of-the-art reviews or other related contributions.

Dr. Alexandros G. Brotis
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biomarkers
  • genetic polymorphisms
  • neuromonitoring
  • neuroradiology
  • microbiome

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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16 pages, 577 KiB  
Systematic Review
Blood Biomarkers as Optimization Tools for Computed Tomography in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Management in Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review
by Ángela Caballero Ballesteros, María Isabel Alonso Gallardo and Juan Mora-Delgado
J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15(8), 350; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15080350 (registering DOI) - 3 Aug 2025
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially mild TBI (mTBI), is frequently caused by traffic accidents, falls, or sports injuries. Although computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis, overuse can lead to unnecessary radiation exposure, increased healthcare costs, and emergency department [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially mild TBI (mTBI), is frequently caused by traffic accidents, falls, or sports injuries. Although computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis, overuse can lead to unnecessary radiation exposure, increased healthcare costs, and emergency department saturation. Blood-based biomarkers have emerged as potential tools to optimize CT scan use. This systematic review aims to evaluate recent evidence on the role of specific blood biomarkers in guiding CT decisions in patients with mTBI. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases for studies published between 2020 and 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on adult patients with mTBI evaluated using both CT imaging and at least one of the following biomarkers: glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B). After screening, six studies were included in the final review. Results: All included studies reported high sensitivity and negative predictive value for the selected biomarkers in detecting clinically relevant intracranial lesions. GFAP and UCH-L1, particularly in combination, consistently identified low-risk patients who could potentially forgo CT scans. While S100B also showed high sensitivity, discrepancies in cutoff values across studies highlighted the need for harmonization. Conclusions: Blood biomarkers such as GFAP, UCH-L1, and S100B demonstrate strong potential to reduce unnecessary CT imaging in mTBI by identifying patients at low risk of significant brain injury. Future research should focus on standardizing biomarker thresholds and validating protocols to support their integration into clinical practice guidelines. Full article
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