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Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives
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Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Aquaculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 March 2024) | Viewed by 43260

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lluís Miret-Pastor

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Economics Department, IGIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, E. Politécnica Superior de Gandia, C/Paranimf, 1, 46730 Grau de Gandia, Spain
Interests: natural resource economics; fisheries; aquaculture; fisheries diversification; tourism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fisheries and aquaculture are important sectors for food, welfare and the economy of many regions, as well as for the environmental state of seas and oceans. Both activities are currently at a time of critical analysis of their impacts and a debate on the necessary technical, commercial and management changes to ensure their sustainability. The objective of this Special Issue is to critically analyze the current situation of fisheries and aquaculture, as well as to address various debates and initiatives that are leading to significant innovations in both sectors. Critical analyses of the economic, social and environmental impacts of fisheries and aquaculture are welcome, as well as analyses that propose new alternative forms of management, production, diversification and marketing. We are looking for papers from any region of the world and from different methodologies to contribute novelties to the current debate on where fisheries and aquaculture are and where they should be heading.

Dr. Lluís Miret-Pastor
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Fisheries, aquaculture
  • fishing impacts, aquaculture impacts
  • innovation
  • fisheries policy
  • blue economy
  • seafood certifications
  • seafood marketing
  • diversification

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Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1654 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Carbon Footprint of Large Yellow Croaker Farming on the Aquaculture Vessel in Deep Sea in China
by Fei Fan, Jianli Zheng, Huang Liu and Mingchao Cui
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(5), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12050693 - 23 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1636
Abstract
The present study conducted a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the carbon emissions associated with large yellow croaker farming on Aquaculture Vessel “Conson No. 1”. The functional unit considered was 1 kg of fresh large yellow croakers delivered to a wholesaler. The [...] Read more.
The present study conducted a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the carbon emissions associated with large yellow croaker farming on Aquaculture Vessel “Conson No. 1”. The functional unit considered was 1 kg of fresh large yellow croakers delivered to a wholesaler. The life cycle of large yellow croaker farming on the aquaculture vessel was divided into five processes: feed production (FP), ship construction (SC), fingerling breeding (FB), adult fish farming (AF), and fish distribution (FD). Results showed that the carbon footprint (CF, kgCO2e/kg LW) for the complete life cycle amounted to 6.2170 kgCO2e/kg LW, while the CF per unit economic value of “Conson No. 1” large yellow croaker was estimated at 31 gCO2e/CNY. Among all processes, AF and FP had the highest CF contribution rates at 69.30% and 24.86%, respectively. Notably, energy consumption by aquaculture equipment on board emerged as the primary contributor across all sources of CF comparative analysis demonstrated that the CF of marine fish farming on the aquaculture vessel was lower than that of closed aquaculture systems’ average level and it was a viable option for implementing low-carbon aquaculture in the deep sea. In order to reduce energy consumption and promote a low-carbon economy in aquaculture vessels, several suggestions were proposed, including adjusting energy structure, enhancing energy efficiency, improving feed ratio, and optimizing feeding methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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14 pages, 4523 KiB  
Article
Effects of Kuroshio and Mesoscale Eddy on Fishing Ground Gravity of Neon Flying Squid Ommastrephes bartramii in Northwest Pacific Ocean
by Jiasheng Li, Xuesen Cui, Fenghua Tang, Wei Fan, Zhen Han and Zuli Wu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(5), 966; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11050966 - 30 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2290
Abstract
Understanding the spatial patterns of neon flying squid is important for the monitoring and management of fishery resources. Mesoscale eddies and the Kuroshio Extension play important roles in the variation of the fishing ground of Ommastrephes bartramii. However, the way in which [...] Read more.
Understanding the spatial patterns of neon flying squid is important for the monitoring and management of fishery resources. Mesoscale eddies and the Kuroshio Extension play important roles in the variation of the fishing ground of Ommastrephes bartramii. However, the way in which eddies and the Kuroshio influence the distribution of Ommastrephes bartramii requires further understanding. In this study, the spatial variation in the distribution of fishing activity and the change of fishing ground gravity of squid were analyzed using automatic identification system (AIS) data. There is a positive correlation between the fishing ground gravity in latitudinal direction and Kuroshio Extension indicators based on the high-frequency eddy kinetic energy (EKE), which describes the Kuroshio variations. Furthermore, the Kuroshio Extension indicators show a positive relationship with the number of the eddies generated in the fishing ground. The results suggest that the changes in the dynamics of SST anomalies could be influenced by eddy-shedding processes in the upstream KE and then alter the distribution of the fishing ground for Ommastrephes bartramii. The Kuroshio index (mean high-frequency eddy kinetic energy between 32° and 37° N, 142° and 149° E) can be used as a good indicator of Kuroshio extension variations to investigate the squid fishing ground in the Kuroshio–Oyashio transition area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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12 pages, 2245 KiB  
Article
The Artisanal Fishing Sector in the Spanish Mediterranean: A Sector with a Long History and an Uncertain Future
by Andrea Márquez Escamilla, Paloma Herrera-Racionero, José Pastor Gimeno and Lluís Miret-Pastor
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(11), 1662; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111662 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2140
Abstract
The fishing sector is facing major economic and environmental challenges worldwide. However, at least in developed countries, it is also undergoing a major social crisis. This research has tried to quantify and validate this subjective feeling of deep crisis, based on objective and [...] Read more.
The fishing sector is facing major economic and environmental challenges worldwide. However, at least in developed countries, it is also undergoing a major social crisis. This research has tried to quantify and validate this subjective feeling of deep crisis, based on objective and quantitative data referring to the Spanish Mediterranean. Indeed, the results show alarming data. Different scattered databases have been analyzed and it has been exposed that in only 15 years the number of vessels, power and tonnage has decreased by about 40%; as for fishermen, their number has decreased by about 30%, also revealing a serious problem of generational replacement, since in only 10 years, the average age of fishermen has increased by 3 years. A simple linear regression model shows that this downward trend in the number of boats and fishermen will continue at least in the short term. The data obtained invite a deep reflection on the future or even the very survival of fishing in the Spanish Mediterranean in the medium term. This reflection is not limited to this specific area but can be extrapolated to many other fishing areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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24 pages, 36094 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Lifetime Prediction of Fishing Nets Based on the Model of Wave Return Period and Residual Strength
by Hong Wang, Hua Yuan, Yao Zhao and Jun Yan
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(10), 1353; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101353 - 22 Sep 2022
Viewed by 2650
Abstract
The classical cumulative damage method based on the S-N curve or crack growth model is unrealistic for predicting the lifetime of fishing nets under actual service conditions. In this paper, a novel and practical method based on the wave return period model and [...] Read more.
The classical cumulative damage method based on the S-N curve or crack growth model is unrealistic for predicting the lifetime of fishing nets under actual service conditions. In this paper, a novel and practical method based on the wave return period model and residual strength model is presented to estimate the dynamic lifetime of fishing nets under different numbers of damaged netting bars. The tension distribution rules, dangerous breakage zones, damage-developing-paths, and breakage patterns of two types of tensioned nettings are calculated using the commercial software RIFLEX. The most dangerous breakage zones appear in the areas near the midpoint of the upper fixing boundary side for both square mesh and diamond mesh netting. The tension distribution of diamond mesh netting is more uniform than that of square mesh netting, which implies that diamond mesh is more durable than square mesh. The dynamic lifetime prediction shows that the netting will be damaged more and more quickly after its initial fracture. Relative dynamic lifetime curves provide a way to forecast the subsequent damage time according to the net’s initial fracture lifetime. Adjusting the installation angle of the polygon cage can reduce the maximum tension of a fishing net under the wave load, thus increasing the lifetime of the fishing net. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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17 pages, 3932 KiB  
Article
Taste Preferences and Orosensory Feed Testing Behavior in Barramundi Lates calcarifer (Latidae, Perciformes)
by Alexander Kasumyan, Olga Isaeva and Le T. K. Oanh
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(9), 1213; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091213 - 31 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3919
Abstract
In the cultivation of barramundi Lates calcarifer, one of the key factors is developing new commercial feeds that are nutritionally adequate and attractive to fish. The sensory quality of feeds can be improved by taste stimulants. The aim of the present study [...] Read more.
In the cultivation of barramundi Lates calcarifer, one of the key factors is developing new commercial feeds that are nutritionally adequate and attractive to fish. The sensory quality of feeds can be improved by taste stimulants. The aim of the present study is to examine the taste attractiveness of 21 free L-amino acids and 4 basic taste substances (0.1–0.001 M). The feeding behavior that accompanied the orosensory testing of feed is also studied. Agar pellets flavored with each taste substance were individually offered to barramundi juveniles (5–9 cm, 4–10 g). Citric acid, cysteine, and alanine were palatable; sucrose and 7 amino acids had an aversive taste; sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and 12 amino acids did not influence the consumption of pellets. Taste preferences for amino acids are positively correlated in 6 out of 21 fish species, which confirms high species specificity of taste preferences in fishes. Barramundi often make repeated grasps and rejections of pellets regardless of their palatability, which led to the destruction of pellets in up to 50% of trials. When swallowing, fish retain pellets several times longer, and pellet fragmentation occurs more often, than in the case of final refusal of pellets. The data presented here can be used to improve the cultivation of barramundi. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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Review

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18 pages, 1030 KiB  
Review
Artificial Intelligence-Based Aquaculture System for Optimizing the Quality of Water: A Systematic Analysis
by Omar Capetillo-Contreras, Francisco David Pérez-Reynoso, Marco Antonio Zamora-Antuñano, José Manuel Álvarez-Alvarado and Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(1), 161; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010161 - 13 Jan 2024
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 8688
Abstract
The world population is expected to grow to around 9 billion by 2050. The growing need for foods with high protein levels makes aquaculture one of the fastest-growing food industries in the world. Some challenges of fishing production are related to obsolete aquaculture [...] Read more.
The world population is expected to grow to around 9 billion by 2050. The growing need for foods with high protein levels makes aquaculture one of the fastest-growing food industries in the world. Some challenges of fishing production are related to obsolete aquaculture techniques, overexploitation of marine species, and lack of water quality control. This research systematically analyzes aquaculture technologies, such as sensors, artificial intelligence (AI), and image processing. Through the systematic PRISMA process, 753 investigations published from 2012 to 2023 were analyzed based on a search in Scopus and Web of Science. It revealed a significant 70.5% increase in the number of articles published compared to the previous year, indicating a growing interest in this field. The results indicate that current aquaculture technologies are water monitoring sensors, AI methodologies such as K-means, and contour segmentation for computer vision. Also, it is reported that K means technologies offer an efficiency from 95% to 98%. These methods allow decisions based on data patterns and aquaculture insights. Improving aquaculture methodologies will allow adequate management of economic and environmental resources to promote fishing and satisfy nutritional needs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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21 pages, 1926 KiB  
Review
Application of Deep Learning-Based Object Detection Techniques in Fish Aquaculture: A Review
by Hanchi Liu, Xin Ma, Yining Yu, Liang Wang and Lin Hao
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(4), 867; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11040867 - 20 Apr 2023
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 8786
Abstract
Automated monitoring and analysis of fish’s growth status and behaviors can help scientific aquaculture management and reduce severe losses due to diseases or overfeeding. With developments in machine vision and deep learning (DL) techniques, DL-based object detection techniques have been extensively applied in [...] Read more.
Automated monitoring and analysis of fish’s growth status and behaviors can help scientific aquaculture management and reduce severe losses due to diseases or overfeeding. With developments in machine vision and deep learning (DL) techniques, DL-based object detection techniques have been extensively applied in aquaculture with the advantage of simultaneously classifying and localizing fish of interest in images. This study reviews the relevant research status of DL-based object detection techniques in fish counting, body length measurement, and individual behavior analysis in aquaculture. The research status is summarized from two aspects: image and video analysis. Moreover, the relevant technical details of DL-based object detection techniques applied to aquaculture are also summarized, including the dataset, image preprocessing methods, typical DL-based object detection algorithms, and evaluation metrics. Finally, the challenges and potential trends of DL-based object detection techniques in aquaculture are concluded and discussed. The review shows that generic DL-based object detection architectures have played important roles in aquaculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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19 pages, 1285 KiB  
Review
The Application and Research of New Digital Technology in Marine Aquaculture
by Hanwen Zhang and Fukun Gui
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(2), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020401 - 11 Feb 2023
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 9460
Abstract
Marine aquaculture has become an important strategy to enable the ecological and sustainable development of fishery due to the decreasing natural fishery resources. To solve farming pain points, improve farming efficiency and modernize fisheries, new digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things, [...] Read more.
Marine aquaculture has become an important strategy to enable the ecological and sustainable development of fishery due to the decreasing natural fishery resources. To solve farming pain points, improve farming efficiency and modernize fisheries, new digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and blockchain, are increasingly being widely applied in aquaculture. This paper introduces the interrelationship of new digital technologies and the framework of their application in marine aquaculture. The results of the application of each new digital technology in marine aquaculture are highlighted, and the advantages or problems of each new digital technology in marine aquaculture are pointed out. Further, the application of new digital technologies in deep-sea aquaculture facilities is enumerated. Finally, the main problems faced by new digital technologies in the process of marine aquaculture production and the future development trend are sorted out and summarized to provide scientific reference for promoting the wide application of new digital technology in marine aquaculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fisheries and Aquaculture: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
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