Concrete Composites in Hybrid Structures

A special issue of Journal of Composites Science (ISSN 2504-477X). This special issue belongs to the section "Composites Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 April 2026 | Viewed by 630

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Structural Engineering, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Interests: timber structures; timber–concrete structures; adhesive timber–concrete connections; load-carrying structures; rational parameters; design methods; non-destructive methods of structural quality assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Civil Engineering, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Interests: hybrid structures; concrete structures; composite structures; timber structures; timber–concrete composite structures; FEM analysis; structural optimization; design methods.

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Interests: timber–concrete structures; design methods; non-destructive methods of structural quality assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concrete composites in hybrid structures combine concrete with other materials like steel, timber or timber-based composites or fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) to enhance structural performance and achieve specific design goals. These structures enable the positive properties of each structural material to be used, such as concrete's compressive strength, steel's tensile strength and timber lightness, to create a more efficient and robust structures.  Using timber in combination with other structural materials, such as concrete and concrete-based composites, steel and fiber reinforced plastics, is of special interest. Timber–concrete, timber–concrete–steel and timber–concrete–plastic hybrid composite structures can meet the growing demand for sustainable structures. Modification of the properties of concrete composites in the hybrid structures enables the improvement of its structural behavior, such as the ductility of the adhesive timber-to-concrete connection in the hybrid timber–concrete composite structures, so to ensure the effectiveness of the different structural materials used in one structural member.

In addition, compared to structures made of a single structural material, the hybrid structures on the base of the concrete composites are characterized by a decreased amount of energy needed for its production and lower carbon emissions in the case of using a timber–concrete hybrid composite.

This Special Issue will focus on several fields, including the structural solutions of steel–concrete, timber–concrete, timber–concrete–steel and timber–concrete–plastic hybrid composite structures and separate members, investigating the materials’ mechanical properties’ influence on the structural behavior, design methods and determination of the parameters, which enables the structural efficiency to increase. Sufficient interest will encourage investigations of the long-term behavior of adhesive timber-to-concrete connections and possibilities to decrease their brittleness in timber–concrete hybrid composite structures by the use of the concrete composites with modified mechanical properties.  We hope that the contributions in this Special Issue will promote knowledge related to structural solutions and behavior analyses, producing technologies for hybrid structures and structural members based on concrete composites.

This Special Issue focuses on structural properties and the analysis of concrete composites in hybrid structures, and provides a forum for the publication of research papers, short communications and review papers which advance the behavior, analysis and testing methods and applications of concrete composites in hybrid structures. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible so that their results can be reproduced. Therefore, there is no restriction on the maximum length of the papers.

Prof. Dr. Dmitrijs Serdjuks
Dr. Janis Sliseris
Dr. Vjaceslavs Lapkovskis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • steel–concrete hybrid composite
  • timber–concrete hybrid composite
  • lower carbon emission
  • structural optimization
  • rational parameters
  • physical and mechanical properties
  • structural behavior

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2698 KB  
Article
Shear Capacity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)–Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Without Stirrups: Comparative Modeling with FRP Modulus, Longitudinal Ratio, and Shear Span-to-Depth
by Mereen Hassan Fahmi Rasheed, Bahman Omar Taha, Ayad Zaki Saber Agha, Mohamed M. Arbili and Payam Ismael Abdulrahman
J. Compos. Sci. 2025, 9(10), 554; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9100554 - 10 Oct 2025
Viewed by 194
Abstract
This study develops data-driven models for predicting the shear capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) beams longitudinally reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars and lacking transverse reinforcement. Owing to the comparatively low elastic modulus and linear–elastic–brittle behavior of FRP bars, reliable shear prediction remains [...] Read more.
This study develops data-driven models for predicting the shear capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) beams longitudinally reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars and lacking transverse reinforcement. Owing to the comparatively low elastic modulus and linear–elastic–brittle behavior of FRP bars, reliable shear prediction remains a design challenge. A curated database of 402 tests was compiled from the literature, spanning wide ranges of beam size (width b, effective depth d), concrete compressive strength (f′c), FRP elastic modulus (Ef), longitudinal reinforcement ratio (ρf), and shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d). Multiple multivariate regression formulations—both linear and nonlinear—were developed using combinations of these variables, including a mechanics-informed reinforcement index (ρf·Ef). Model predictions were benchmarked against 15 existing expressions drawn from design codes, standards, and prior studies. Across the full database, the proposed models demonstrated consistently stronger agreement with experimental results than the existing predictors, yielding higher correlation and lower prediction error. The resulting closed-form equations are transparent and straightforward to implement, offering improved accuracy for the preliminary design and assessment of FRP-RC beams without stirrups while highlighting the influential roles of Ef, ρf, and a/d within the observed parameter ranges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Concrete Composites in Hybrid Structures)
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25 pages, 3901 KB  
Article
Influence of Steel Fiber and Rebar Ratio on the Flexural Performance of UHPC T-Beams
by Huiqing Xue, Shichun Mao, Liyang Wang and Zongcai Deng
J. Compos. Sci. 2025, 9(10), 545; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9100545 - 4 Oct 2025
Viewed by 257
Abstract
To address the bottleneck issues of traditional concrete T-beams, such as excessive self-weight, susceptibility to cracking, and insufficient durability, this study investigates the flexural performance of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) T-beams. Through systematic experiments, the combined effects of three UHPC material ratios and three [...] Read more.
To address the bottleneck issues of traditional concrete T-beams, such as excessive self-weight, susceptibility to cracking, and insufficient durability, this study investigates the flexural performance of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) T-beams. Through systematic experiments, the combined effects of three UHPC material ratios and three rebar schemes were analyzed. Six UHPC T-beam specimens were designed, and flexural performance tests were conducted using a staged loading approach, focusing on crack propagation, failure modes, and load-deflection curves to reveal their mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms. The results indicate that steel fibers significantly enhance UHPC toughness. At a fiber content of 1.5%, the specimens exhibited a yield load of 395–418 kN, with an ultimate load increase of 93% compared to the fiber-free specimens. The failure mode transitioned from brittle shear to ductile flexural. Increasing the rebar ratio improved load-bearing capacity, with a 4.58% rebar ratio yielding an ultimate load of 543 kN (51% higher than B1-02), but reduced ductility by 36%. Steel fibers restricted crack widths to 0.1 mm via crack-bridging effects, raising the cracking load by 53% and the shear capacity by 2.8 times. UHPC mix ratio adjustments had a limited impact on beam performance at the same fiber content. Overall, UHPC T-beams exhibited a compressive concrete crushing-dominated failure mode, with load-deflection curves showing a 42% gentler slope than conventional concrete. The ductility coefficient ranged from 3.8 to 5.2. For engineering applications, it is recommended to maintain a steel fiber content of at least 1.5% and a rebar ratio of 2.5–4.0% to strike a balance between strength and ductility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Concrete Composites in Hybrid Structures)
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