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J. Compos. Sci.
Volume 9
Issue 10
10.3390/jcs9100554
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Shear Capacity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)–Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Without Stirrups: Comparative Modeling with FRP Modulus, Longitudinal Ratio, and Shear Span-to-Depth

by
Mereen Hassan Fahmi Rasheed
1,
Bahman Omar Taha
1,
Ayad Zaki Saber Agha
1,
Mohamed M. Arbili
1,* and
Payam Ismael Abdulrahman
2
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Erbil Technical Engineering College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
2
Civil Engineering Department, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Compos. Sci. 2025, 9(10), 554; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9100554
Submission received: 10 September 2025 / Revised: 28 September 2025 / Accepted: 9 October 2025 / Published: 10 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Concrete Composites in Hybrid Structures)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study develops data-driven models for predicting the shear capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) beams longitudinally reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars and lacking transverse reinforcement. Owing to the comparatively low elastic modulus and linear–elastic–brittle behavior of FRP bars, reliable shear prediction remains a design challenge. A curated database of 402 tests was compiled from the literature, spanning wide ranges of beam size (width b, effective depth d), concrete compressive strength (f′c), FRP elastic modulus (Ef), longitudinal reinforcement ratio (ρf), and shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d). Multiple multivariate regression formulations—both linear and nonlinear—were developed using combinations of these variables, including a mechanics-informed reinforcement index (ρf·Ef). Model predictions were benchmarked against 15 existing expressions drawn from design codes, standards, and prior studies. Across the full database, the proposed models demonstrated consistently stronger agreement with experimental results than the existing predictors, yielding higher correlation and lower prediction error. The resulting closed-form equations are transparent and straightforward to implement, offering improved accuracy for the preliminary design and assessment of FRP-RC beams without stirrups while highlighting the influential roles of Ef, ρf, and a/d within the observed parameter ranges.
Keywords: FRP-reinforced concrete beams; shear capacity; linear and nonlinear regression models; reinforcement index (ρf·Ef); Shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d) FRP-reinforced concrete beams; shear capacity; linear and nonlinear regression models; reinforcement index (ρf·Ef); Shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Rasheed, M.H.F.; Taha, B.O.; Agha, A.Z.S.; Arbili, M.M.; Abdulrahman, P.I. Shear Capacity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)–Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Without Stirrups: Comparative Modeling with FRP Modulus, Longitudinal Ratio, and Shear Span-to-Depth. J. Compos. Sci. 2025, 9, 554. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9100554

AMA Style

Rasheed MHF, Taha BO, Agha AZS, Arbili MM, Abdulrahman PI. Shear Capacity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)–Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Without Stirrups: Comparative Modeling with FRP Modulus, Longitudinal Ratio, and Shear Span-to-Depth. Journal of Composites Science. 2025; 9(10):554. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9100554

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rasheed, Mereen Hassan Fahmi, Bahman Omar Taha, Ayad Zaki Saber Agha, Mohamed M. Arbili, and Payam Ismael Abdulrahman. 2025. "Shear Capacity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)–Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Without Stirrups: Comparative Modeling with FRP Modulus, Longitudinal Ratio, and Shear Span-to-Depth" Journal of Composites Science 9, no. 10: 554. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9100554

APA Style

Rasheed, M. H. F., Taha, B. O., Agha, A. Z. S., Arbili, M. M., & Abdulrahman, P. I. (2025). Shear Capacity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)–Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Without Stirrups: Comparative Modeling with FRP Modulus, Longitudinal Ratio, and Shear Span-to-Depth. Journal of Composites Science, 9(10), 554. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9100554

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