Advances in Treatment Procedures for Renal Cell Cancer

Dear Colleagues,

Renal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney. Before 2006, the median overall survival of patients with metastatic disease ranged between 5 and 13 months, depending on the individual risk group. A better understanding of the underlying pathomechanisms of this disease has led to the development of more efficacious therapies. The first breakthrough came with the introduction of targeted agents in 2006; tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as sunitinib, have considerably improved progression-free survival and response rates. The second breakthrough was the introduction of immune check point inhibitors in 2015. Today, various strategies, including dual immune check point inhibition and a combination of check point inhibitors with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have revolutionized the treatment landscape of metastatic renal cell carcinoma; in particular, overall survival and progression-free survival rates have increased up to 48 and 25 months, respectively, and, furthermore, unprecedented rates of complete remissions have been reported. Today’s challenges for physicians include the selection of the best treatment for the individual patient, the lack of biomarkers, the choice of the appropriate strategy after failure of immune-based combinations and the management of patients with non-clear cell histologies. This issue on advances in treatment procedure for renal cell carcinoma will focus on current treatment strategies in first- and later lines, biomarkers, the role of local treatments in mRCC and on the management of patients with non-clear cell tumors, including the latest data from ESMO, ASCO and ASCO GU.

Prof. Dr. Manuela Schmidinger
Guest Editor

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• renal cell carcinoma
• immune check point inhibitors
• targeted agents
• biomarker
• treatment choice
• clear cell histology
• non-clear cell histology