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Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) and Its Complications: A Comprehensive Update

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Vascular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2026 | Viewed by 628

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Interests: cardiovascular epidemiology; vascular imaging; arterial stiffness; carotid artery disease; stroke prevention

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carotid artery disease remains a critical contributor to ischemic stroke and cardiovascular morbidity worldwide. Despite advancements in non-invasive imaging, risk assessment, and interventional therapies, challenges persist in early detection, personalized treatment, and preventing complications like plaque rupture and embolization. Recent progress in diagnostic techniques, therapeutic interventions, and preventive strategies has reshaped our understanding and management of carotid artery disease, yet gaps remain in optimizing patient outcomes. This Special Issue aims to consolidate cutting-edge research, clinical insights, and innovative approaches to address the multifaceted challenges posed by carotid artery disease and its complications, including ischemic stroke, vascular dementia, carotid artery dissection, transient ischemic attacks, amaurosis fugax, cognitive decline, and carotid aneurysm.

We invite researchers, clinicians, and scholars to contribute original research articles, reviews, and clinical studies exploring novel imaging modalities, risk stratification, therapeutic advancements, and the epidemiology of carotid artery disease. We particularly encourage submissions addressing emerging complications and innovative treatment strategies. Through multidisciplinary collaboration, we aim to mobilize global expertise to advance carotid artery disease management.

As Guest Editor, I look forward to collaborating with you to advance the field and promote knowledge sharing in this critical area of cardiovascular health.

Dr. Yacob G. Tedla
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carotid artery disease
  • ischemic stroke
  • vascular dementia
  • transient ischemic attack
  • vascular imaging
  • carotid endarterectomy
  • carotid stent placement
  • risk stratification

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 639 KB  
Article
Clinical Impact of External Carotid Artery Remodeling Following Carotid Artery Stenting
by Dorota Łyko-Morawska, Michał Serafin, Julia Szostek, Magdalena Mąka, Iga Kania and Wacław Kuczmik
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(18), 6682; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14186682 - 22 Sep 2025
Viewed by 517
Abstract
Background: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is a common revascularization approach for carotid artery stenosis. While its impact on the internal carotid artery (ICA) has been extensively studied, the effects on the external carotid artery (ECA)—a key collateral pathway for cerebral perfusion—remain insufficiently [...] Read more.
Background: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is a common revascularization approach for carotid artery stenosis. While its impact on the internal carotid artery (ICA) has been extensively studied, the effects on the external carotid artery (ECA)—a key collateral pathway for cerebral perfusion—remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to assess structural changes in the ECA following CAS and their clinical significance. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study of 963 patients treated with CAS between 2018 and 2024 was conducted. Demographic data, comorbidities, and procedural characteristics were collected. Pre- and postprocedural ICA and ECA diameters were measured via angiography. Spearman’s correlation, regression modeling, and receiver operating curver (ROC) analysis were used to identify predictors of ECA narrowing and occlusion and their relationship with neurological outcomes. Results: The median ECA diameter decreased post-CAS (from 4.7 mm to 3.8 mm, p < 0.001). ECA overstenting occurred in 96.4% of cases, with 71.7% exhibiting diameter reduction. De novo ECA occlusion occurred in 2.5% of patients and was associated with a higher incidence of stroke, transient ischemic attack, and in-stent restenosis (ISR). Multivariate analysis identified preoperative ECA diameter (p < 0.001), ICA diameter (p = 0.001), and second-generation stents (p = 0.02) as independent predictors of ECA narrowing. ROC analysis confirmed that a preoperative ECA diameter ≤ 3.05 mm strongly predicted occlusion (Area under the curve (AUC) = 0.93, p < 0.001). Conclusions: CAS frequently leads to ECA remodeling, including occlusion, compromising collateral perfusion and contributing to adverse ischemic incidences and ISR. Preprocedural ECA assessment may aid in optimizing patient selection and procedural planning. Full article
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