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Clinical Advances in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Pediatrics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 February 2026 | Viewed by 1520

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Division of Critical Care Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
Interests: acute lung injury; pediatric critical care medicine; pediatric medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

This Special Issue, entitled “Clinical Advances in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine”, aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and progress in the management of critically ill children. In particular, the management of multi-organ dysfunction is complex, with worse outcomes and a higher mortality rate observed here than other issues requiring critical care. New insights have emerged that help outline the pathogenesis of organ failure and new therapies have evolved to address organ support as well as to ameliorate the inflammatory response, which can exacerbate organ dysfunction. In addition, this Special Issue will highlight the management of treatment-related complications in pediatric oncology patients, including chemotherapy-induced complications, infectious complications, and organ toxicities. It will explore evidence-based interventions and multidisciplinary approaches to mitigating these challenges.

In conclusion, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive overview of pediatric critical care, with an emphasis on early diagnosis, multidisciplinary collaboration, and therapeutic advances. We welcome original articles or review manuscripts on “Clinical Advances in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine”.

Dr. Lama Elbahlawan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • acute renal failure
  • acute respiratory failure
  • pediatric oncology
  • pediatric ICU
  • pediatric critical care medicine
  • multi-organ dysfunction

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 502 KB  
Article
Renal Replacement Therapy in Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care: A Retrospective Analysis of Modalities, Outcomes, and Prognostic Factors
by Joanna Michalczuk, Sylwia Turek, Anna Jander and Marcin Tkaczyk
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(20), 7238; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14207238 - 14 Oct 2025
Viewed by 615
Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently complicates the postoperative course in pediatric patients after cardiac surgery and may necessitate renal replacement therapy (RRT). Despite the increasing use of RRT in this population, data on its modalities, outcomes, and prognostic factors remain limited. [...] Read more.
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently complicates the postoperative course in pediatric patients after cardiac surgery and may necessitate renal replacement therapy (RRT). Despite the increasing use of RRT in this population, data on its modalities, outcomes, and prognostic factors remain limited. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 37 children (aged 2 days–14 years) who underwent RRT in a cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) over a 35-month period. Modalities used were continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Results: The overall mortality was 76%, with no significant difference between RRT modalities. CVVHDF was used in 84% of cases, often during ECMO support. PD was more common in neonates and low-weight infants. Fluid overload and anuria were the leading indications. Survivors were older and heavier. Technical parameters, including blood flow, dialysis dose, and anticoagulation method, were not associated with survival. Conclusions: RRT in pediatric CICU patients is associated with high mortality, independent of modality. Early identification and appropriate patient selection may improve outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine)
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12 pages, 829 KB  
Article
Unraveling the Easix Score: Its Association with Vasopressor Need in Critically Ill Septic Pediatric Hematology–Oncology Patients
by Lama Elbahlawan, Majd Khiami, Chad Blackshear, Saad Ghafoor, Alexandra Schaller, Sherry Johnson, Gabriela Maron, Raktima Datta, Amr Qudeimat and Jennifer McArthur
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(19), 7105; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14197105 - 9 Oct 2025
Viewed by 657
Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a common and serious complication in pediatric hematology oncology (PHO) patients. The Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) score offers a potentially accessible tool for risk stratification in septic patients. Our objective was to evaluate the association of the [...] Read more.
Background: Sepsis is a common and serious complication in pediatric hematology oncology (PHO) patients. The Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) score offers a potentially accessible tool for risk stratification in septic patients. Our objective was to evaluate the association of the EASIX score with adverse clinical outcomes among septic PHO patients. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted for all PHO patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis from July 2022 to December 2024. Results: A total of 53 patients with 65 sepsis events were included in this analysis. The median age was 14.9 [IQR 9.9] y and the most common disease was hematologic malignancy. In our cohort, 60% needed vasopressors, 36% required invasive mechanical ventilation, and 22% underwent renal replacement therapy (RRT). Log2-EASIX > 2.5 was associated with higher vasopressor requirements (87% versus 45% in the low log2-EASIX group, p = 0.001) and an increased need for RRT (39% versus 12%, p = 0.024). Septic PHO patients with log2-EASIX > 2.5 were 6.9 times more likely to require vasopressor support [(95% CI 1.7–27.8) p = 0.007]. In addition, PHO patients with log2-EASIX > 2.5 had a longer ICU stay (7 d versus 2 d in the low log2-EASIX group, p = 0.024) and an extended overall hospitalization (33 d versus 25 d, p = 0.029). Conclusions: A higher EASIX score was associated with adverse outcomes in critically ill septic PHO patients. Our findings suggest that the EASIX score can be used as a tool for identifying septic patients at an increased risk of clinical deterioration and poor outcomes. Prospective studies in larger cohorts are warranted to validate and expand upon these findings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine)
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