Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

A special issue of Infrastructures (ISSN 2412-3811).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2022) | Viewed by 4184

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Thermodynamics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
Interests: natural ventillation; smoke; large eddy simulation; plumes; pollutant

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This special issue of the journal is intended to document the state of the art in the areas of safety, ventilation and operation of underground infrastructure with a strong focus on traffic and transport systems. The rapid increase in traffic in urban areas means that road traffic moves underground. This is demonstrated, among other things, by major projects in all parts of the world. The positive aspects of better use of valuable urban areas, however, require significantly higher demands on the operation and safety of the underground transport network. The same applies to rail transport. There are currently some large Alpine crossings under construction in Europe, while the tunneling boom in Asia continues. High-speed trains should increase capacity and enable a sustainable route for passenger and freight traffic. However, this also means completely different requirements for the planning and operation of these systems. What applies to rail and road transport is increasingly also true of local public transport. Here, too, there is a clear trend towards moving traffic underground. However, this also means that aspects such as ensuring acceptable air quality and having smoke-free stations in the event of a fire are of great importance to users. Not to be forgotten is the fact that the transition from fossil to renewable energy sources, for example through the use of battery-powered or hydrogen-powered vehicles, places completely new demands on the safe operation of the underground transport infrastructure.All of these topics are to be dealt with in this issue of the magazine and thus present the current state of knowledge to interested readers. Contributions to the state of the art in relation to the planning, construction and operation of subsurface transport infrastructures are just as welcome as contributions with novel concepts.

Dr. Peter Johann Sturm
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • road tunnels
  • rail tunnels
  • metro systems
  • design
  • construction
  • operation
  • safety
  • new energy carriers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 2992 KiB  
Article
Experimental Attempt on Walking Behavior and Stress Assessment in a Completely Darkened Tunnel
by Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa, Chiharu Tsuji, Haruhiro Higashida and Teruko Yuhi
Infrastructures 2021, 6(5), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6050075 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2563
Abstract
In case of massive fire incidents in tunnels, ceiling lights are covered by dense smoke, and pedestrians must evacuate in the dark tunnel with almost zero visibility. Nonetheless, the walking behavior in a completely darkened tunnel has not been clarified. In this study, [...] Read more.
In case of massive fire incidents in tunnels, ceiling lights are covered by dense smoke, and pedestrians must evacuate in the dark tunnel with almost zero visibility. Nonetheless, the walking behavior in a completely darkened tunnel has not been clarified. In this study, we experimentally attempted to investigate the evacuation loci and assess the stress of evacuees by measuring oxytocin and cortisol concentrations in saliva, heart rates, blood pressures, and responses in a survey questionnaire for a full-scale tunnel. Results indicated few differences in both one- and two-dimensional walking speed. In terms of stress, the group of subjects who felt stress demonstrated a walking speed that is 0.17 m/s slower than the group that did not feel it. In the questionnaire survey, most of the subjects answered that the wall was the most helpful item, followed by the unevenness (bumps) on the white lines on the road. One of the subjects became lost, stating that she could not find the unevenness (bumps) on the white lines. These two factors can be rational guides in a dense smoke environment or a completely dark tunnel scenario. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology)
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