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Insulin Peptides, Adipokines and Incretins in Reproduction

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 5012

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
Interests: signal transduction; allosteric site; allosteric regulator; positive allosteric modulator; negative allosteric modulator; hormone; growth factor; cytokine; heterotrimeric G-protein; adenylyl cyclase; G-protein-coupled receptor; tyrosine kinase receptor; cytokine receptor; receptor complex; insulin; leptin; interleukin; epidermal growth factor; central nervous system; endocrine system; neurodegeneration
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Co-Guest Editor
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
Interests: signal transduction; allosteric site; allosteric regulator; positive allosteric modulator; negative allosteric modulator; hormone; growth factor; cytokine; heterotrimeric G-protein; adenylyl cyclase; G-protein-coupled receptor; tyrosine kinase receptor; cytokine receptor; receptor complex; insulin; leptin; interleukin; epidermal growth factor; central nervous system; endocrine system; neurodegeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The main regulatory component of the reproductive system in humans and vertebrates is the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis that includes hypothalamic GnRH-expressing neurons, gonadotropin-producing pituitary gonadotrophs, and gonads containing somatic and germ cells. In addition to GnRH, gonadotropins, and steroid hormones (androgens, estrogens, progesterone), the HPG axis is regulated by a variety of hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors, cytokines, vitamins, reactive oxygen species, and others. In recent years, insulin and related peptides (insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like factor 3), adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, chemerin, omentin, irisin, apelin, fatty acid binding protein-4), and incretins (glucagon-like peptide-1, ghrelin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, nesfatin-1) have attracted the greatest amount of interest. They play a key role in normal regulation of the HPG axis and are also involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of reproductive disorders, including those caused by diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and aging. Deciphering and studying the molecular mechanisms of the action of insulin peptides, adipokines, and incretins on reproduction, as well as establishing the role of their signaling systems in development and pathogenesis of reproductive dysfunctions, infertility, miscarriage, and gestational diabetes, are the most acute problems of endocrinology and reproductive medicine. The proposed Special Issue is devoted to the solution and discussion of these problems.

The main topics are (1) insulin and insulin-like peptides in regulation of steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis; (2) involvement of insulin peptides, adipokines, and incretins in hypothalamic regulation of the HPG axis; (3) crosstalk between the somatotropic (growth hormone/IGF-1) and gonadal axes; (4) leptin, adiponectin, and other adipokines as regulators of steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, and gametogenesis; (5) incretins in control of male and female reproduction; (6)  insulin/leptin resistance and adipokine/incretin imbalance in etiology and pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome; (7) insulin therapy as an approach to treat diabetes-associated reproductive disorders and gestational diabetes; (8) pharmacotherapy of reproductive diseases with drugs targeting adipokine and incretin signaling; (9) gut microbiome and reproduction (participation of incretins, insulin peptides, cytokines); (10) energy metabolism and reproduction/fertility: from hypothalamus to gonads; and (11) age-dependent changes in insulin, adipokines, and incretin signaling on reproduction: from embryo to puberty to adulthood. The content of the Special Issue is not limited to these topics, however.  

Authors are invited to submit original and review articles for publication in this Special Issue of IJMS.

Prof. Dr. Alexander Shpakov
Dr. Kira V. Derkach
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis
  • ovary
  • testes
  • reproduction
  • steroidogenesis
  • spermatogenesis
  • folliculogenesis
  • oogenesis
  • gonadoliberin
  • gonadotropin
  • luteinizing hormone
  • follicle-stimulating hormone
  • testosterone
  • estradiol
  • progesterone
  • insulin family
  • insulin
  • insulin growth factor 1
  • insulin-like factor 3
  • adipokines
  • leptin
  • adiponectin
  • apelin
  • visfatin
  • resistin
  • chemerin
  • omentin
  • irisin
  • fatty acid binding protein 4
  • incretins
  • glucagon-like peptide 1
  • ghrelin
  • gastric inhibitory polypeptide
  • nesfatin-1
  • granulosa cells
  • theca cells
  • Leydig cells
  • Sertoli cells
  • spermatozoa
  • fertility
  • oocyte maturation
  • embryo development
  • polycystic ovary syndrome
  • gestational diabetes
  • male hypogonadism

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 5784 KiB  
Article
Seasonal Change in Adiponectin Associated with Ovarian Morphology and Function in Wild Ground Squirrels (Citellus dauricus Brandt)
by Sijie Fan, Wenjing Lu, Haolin Zhang, Zhengrong Yuan, Yingying Han and Qiang Weng
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(23), 14698; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314698 - 24 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1142
Abstract
The goal of this study is to explore the relationship between altered circulating adiponectin concentration, ovarian tissue morphology, ovarian steroidogenesis, and sex hormone production in ovaries of wild ground squirrels. The ovarian mass differed significantly during the breeding and non-breeding seasons, and the [...] Read more.
The goal of this study is to explore the relationship between altered circulating adiponectin concentration, ovarian tissue morphology, ovarian steroidogenesis, and sex hormone production in ovaries of wild ground squirrels. The ovarian mass differed significantly during the breeding and non-breeding seasons, and the circulating estradiol and progesterone concentrations were significantly higher in the breeding season, while the circulating adiponectin level was significantly lower. The expression levels of gonadotropin receptors (FSHR and LHR) and steroidogenic enzymes (StAR, P450scc, P450arom, and 3β-HSD) were significantly higher during the breeding season. Comparing the ovarian transcriptome data of wild ground squirrels between the two periods, we found that some differentially expressed genes were enriched for ovarian steroidogenesis and the adipocytokine signaling pathway, which correlated with our present results. Notably, the MAPK signaling pathway was also enriched and its related genes (Erk1, p38 Mapk, Jnk) were up-regulated by qPCR during the non-breeding season. These findings suggested that adiponectin may be involved in the regulation of seasonal changes in the ovarian function of wild ground squirrels, possibly by acting on the MAPK signaling pathway to regulate sex steroidogenesis in the ovaries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insulin Peptides, Adipokines and Incretins in Reproduction)
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Review

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43 pages, 3259 KiB  
Review
Hot Spots for the Use of Intranasal Insulin: Cerebral Ischemia, Brain Injury, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Disorders and Postoperative Delirium
by Alexander O. Shpakov, Inna I. Zorina and Kira V. Derkach
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 3278; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043278 - 7 Feb 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3379
Abstract
A decrease in the activity of the insulin signaling system of the brain, due to both central insulin resistance and insulin deficiency, leads to neurodegeneration and impaired regulation of appetite, metabolism, endocrine functions. This is due to the neuroprotective properties of brain insulin [...] Read more.
A decrease in the activity of the insulin signaling system of the brain, due to both central insulin resistance and insulin deficiency, leads to neurodegeneration and impaired regulation of appetite, metabolism, endocrine functions. This is due to the neuroprotective properties of brain insulin and its leading role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the brain, as well as in the regulation of the brain signaling network responsible for the functioning of the nervous, endocrine, and other systems. One of the approaches to restore the activity of the insulin system of the brain is the use of intranasally administered insulin (INI). Currently, INI is being considered as a promising drug to treat Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. The clinical application of INI is being developed for the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases and improve cognitive abilities in stress, overwork, and depression. At the same time, much attention has recently been paid to the prospects of using INI for the treatment of cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injuries, and postoperative delirium (after anesthesia), as well as diabetes mellitus and its complications, including dysfunctions in the gonadal and thyroid axes. This review is devoted to the prospects and current trends in the use of INI for the treatment of these diseases, which, although differing in etiology and pathogenesis, are characterized by impaired insulin signaling in the brain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insulin Peptides, Adipokines and Incretins in Reproduction)
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