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Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies in Gastrointestinal Cancer

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 819

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652000, Brazil
Interests: gastrointestinal cancers; pancreatic cancer; gastric cancer; colorectal cancer; hepatobiliary cancers; precision medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, encompassing malignancies of the stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, liver, and esophagus, represent a significant global health burden due to their high incidence and mortality rates. These cancers often present with subtle symptoms, leading to late diagnoses and limited treatment options. Understanding their molecular mechanisms has revealed complex genetic and epigenetic alterations driving tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Key pathways implicated include aberrations in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Advances in genomic and molecular profiling have identified potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, paving the way for personalized medicine approaches. Recent research emphasizes novel molecular mechanisms such as microsatellite instability, chromosomal instability, and the role of tumor microenvironment in GI cancers. Therapeutic strategies are evolving from conventional surgery and chemotherapy toward targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and combination regimens tailored to molecular subtypes. Despite these advances, challenges remain, including drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity.

This Special Issue invites original research articles exploring the molecular underpinnings, diagnostic biomarkers, and innovative therapeutic strategies in gastrointestinal cancers. Contributions that enhance understanding of tumor biology, tailored treatments, and biomarker identification, and that offer translational insights, are particularly welcome, with the aim of improving patient outcomes through precision medicine approaches.

Dr. Pedro Luiz Serrano Usón Júnior
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • gastrointestinal cancers
  • pancreatic cancer
  • gastric cancer
  • colorectal cancer
  • hepatobiliary cancers
  • precision medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 5407 KB  
Article
Anti-Tumor Effects of Statins in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells
by Veronika Kucháriková, Zuzana Hatoková, Eva Baranovičová, Bibiána Baďurová, Tereza Pavlišová, Lucia Kotúľová, Michal Kalman, Juraj Marcinek, Oľga Chodelková, Slavomíra Nováková, Ján Strnádel, Henrieta Škovierová and Erika Halašová
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(7), 2972; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27072972 - 25 Mar 2026
Viewed by 592
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has limited effective therapeutic strategies. Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and may affect tumor cell fitness via the mevalonate pathway, mitochondrial function, and redox homeostasis. We systematically compared seven statins in patient-derived PDAC cell lines and related viability [...] Read more.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has limited effective therapeutic strategies. Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and may affect tumor cell fitness via the mevalonate pathway, mitochondrial function, and redox homeostasis. We systematically compared seven statins in patient-derived PDAC cell lines and related viability effects to mitochondrial, redox, cell-cycle, apoptotic, and metabolic responses. Statins were tested in three PDAC cell lines (PDAC-1/2/3) using MTT assays (5–20 µM; 24–120 h). Based on MTT responses, mechanistic profiling was performed after 72 h at 20 µM concentration using lipophilic statins, including apoptosis (Annexin V/7-AAD), cell-cycle distribution, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), intracellular ROS, and 1H-NMR quantification of intracellular and extracellular metabolites. Statins reduced viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with lipophilic statins more active than hydrophilic. PDAC-1 was highly sensitive, PDAC-3 intermediate, and PDAC-2 comparatively resistant. PDAC-1 and PDAC-3 showed G0/G1 accumulation, Δψm depolarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, and Annexin V–positive apoptosis, whereas PDAC-2 (high basal ROS) showed ROS reduction and limited apoptosis despite Δψm loss. Metabolomics indicated reduced glucose and amino-acid utilization and lactate secretion while preserving line-specific metabolic fingerprints. PDAC cell lines display marked inter-tumoral heterogeneity in statin responses, supporting evaluation of statins as chemosensitizing adjuvants in functionally guided PDAC treatment strategies. Full article
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