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The Impact of Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular System: Pathophysiological Perspective
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The Impact of Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular System: Pathophysiological Perspective

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 981

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jan Pitha

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: dyslipidemia; diabetes mellitus; vascular disease; atherosclerosis; inflammation; genetics; ischemic heart disease; heart failure; sex differences
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

One misunderstood area in medicine is the effect of various sex hormones, including their metabolites, transport proteins and fluctuations, on different parts of cardiovascular system. The understanding of this phenomenon could be expanded at the laboratory level and in clinical observations and studies and could be critical for the improvement of medical care. To support those who are involved in this field, this Special Issue of IJMS is dedicated to high-quality studies focused on the effect of sex hormones on the cardiovascular system at various levels. Based on our previous positive experience, we believe that your research could add substantial value to this Special Issue. In particular, as the Guest Editors, we would like to invite you to contribute a research paper or review article for peer review, and potentially, for publication. Priority will be given to the articles focused on experimental research investigating the (sub)molecular mechanisms of hormonal processes involved in the development of cardiovascular disease. Case reports are not suitable for publication in this Special Issue. For further details on the submission process, please see the Instructions for Authors at IJMS (IJMS | Instructions for Authors).

Prof. Dr. Jan Pitha
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • cardiovascular system
  • sex hormones
  • cardiovascular disease

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1699 KiB  
Article
Sex-Specific Improvements in Myocardial Function and Angiogenesis with SGLT-2 Inhibitor Canagliflozin in a Swine Model of Metabolic Syndrome
by Dwight D. Harris, Mark Broadwin, Christopher Stone, Sharif A. Sabe, Meghamsh Kanuparthy, Ju-Woo Nho, Kelsey C. Muir, M. Ruhul Abid and Frank W. Sellke
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 1887; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26051887 - 22 Feb 2025
Viewed by 603
Abstract
There is a significant body of literature to suggest that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a highly sex-specific disease. The study of sex-specific therapeutics and sex-specific responses to treatment for CAD remains underreported in the literature. Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are of [...] Read more.
There is a significant body of literature to suggest that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a highly sex-specific disease. The study of sex-specific therapeutics and sex-specific responses to treatment for CAD remains underreported in the literature. Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are of growing interest in the treatment of ischemic heart disease and heart failure; however, the sex-specific response to SGLT2 inhibitors is unknown. We studied an SGLT2 inhibitor, canagliflozin, in a swine model of metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic myocardial ischemia with emphasis on the sex-specific outcomes. Yorkshire swine (n = 21) were obtained at 6 weeks of age and fed a high-fat diet to induce MS. Left thoracotomy was performed on all swine at 11 weeks of age for the placement of an ameroid constrictor to model chronic myocardial ischemia. Swine recovered for two weeks, then were assigned to either the drug group, CAN 300 mg daily group (M = 5, F = 5), or the control group (CON, M = 5, F = 6). Both groups received 5 weeks of therapy. After completion of therapy, swine underwent functional assessment and terminal harvest. The male animals treated with CAN (CAN-M) had significant increases in stroke volume and cardiac output (p = 0.047, p < 0.001) compared to control males (CON-M), which were not seen in females treated with CAN (CAN-F) compared to control females (CON-F). Effective arterial elastance was decreased in CAN-M compared to CON-M. The CAN-F group had a significant increase in ischemic myocardial capillary density compared to CON-F (p = 0.04). There was no difference in capillary density between the CAN-M and CON-M groups. CAN treatment resulted in sex-specific changes in angiogenesis and myocardial function. The CAN-M group had significant improvements in cardiac function based on afterload reduction, stroke volume, and increased cardiac output not seen in the CAN-F group. The CAN-F group had increased ischemic myocardial capillary density. These findings provide a foundation for further investigation of the sex-specific effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors in humans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular System: Pathophysiological Perspective)
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