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Latest Research on Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2nd Edition)

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2026 | Viewed by 451

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Pathophysiology Discipline, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Interests: cellular and molecular mechanisms of stress; apoptosis and inflammation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

MSCs (mesenchymal stem/stromal cells) are found in practically all tissues and play a role in regeneration and homeostasis. They have the ability to self-renew and activate multipotency when stimulated by biochemical signals. The MSC secretome or MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (exosomes and microvesicles, EVs) have been hypothesized as a more important biological mechanism contributing to their function than their differentiation capacity. EVs play a role in cell-to-cell communication, cell signaling, and changing cell or tissue metabolism at the local or global level. MSC-derived exosomes contain, e.g., cytokines and growth factors, signaling lipids, mRNAs, and regulatory miRNAs.

The contents of MSC exosomes are dynamic, influenced by the MSC tissue of origin, its activity, and its immediate intercellular neighbors. Thus, when MSCs are grown alongside tumor cells or in the in vivo tumor microenvironment, the exosome concentration appears to be altered. MSCs can directly donate mitochondria to recover from cell injury and rescue mitochondrial damage-induced tissue degeneration. This could promote cancer growth and spread by promoting mitochondrial exchange between cancer cells and adjacent stromal cells. A growing body of evidence implies that physical stimulation has a role in MSC development.

We aim to highlight new areas of research related to MSC involvement in niche-specific development, tissue homeostasis, and function, with emphasis on the molecular level. This research will open the way for deciphering the molecular mysteries of MSCs, as well as for novel therapeutic modalities.

Prof. Dr. Marcel Costuleanu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • mesenchymal stem cell
  • MSC
  • niche
  • tissue homeostasis
  • exosomes
  • microvesicles
  • cancer
  • mitochondrial exchange
  • MSC secretome

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18 pages, 980 KB  
Article
An HPLC-Based Multi-Analyte Secretome Characterization Panel for Canine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal/Stromal Stem Cells: Quantification of Adenosine, Kynurenine, IL-10, and TGF-β in Conditioned Media—A Pilot Feasibility Study
by Steven Garner, Emily Laughrun, Susan Mooney, Michael McCord, Seymone Batiste, Melinda Wharton, Rosa Bañuelos and Lori McCord
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(9), 3791; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27093791 - 24 Apr 2026
Viewed by 161
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly explored for immune-mediated diseases, yet standardized analytical readouts that capture coordinated immunomodulatory output across complementary secretory pathways remain limited. Here, we report the feasibility of an HPLC-based multi-analyte secretome characterization panel that quantifies two small-molecule outputs—adenosine and [...] Read more.
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly explored for immune-mediated diseases, yet standardized analytical readouts that capture coordinated immunomodulatory output across complementary secretory pathways remain limited. Here, we report the feasibility of an HPLC-based multi-analyte secretome characterization panel that quantifies two small-molecule outputs—adenosine and kynurenine—alongside two immunomodulatory proteins—interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)—in conditioned media from canine adipose-derived MSCs (cAD-MSCs). Canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) was used as a disease context to motivate the selection of these analytes, given the pro-inflammatory cytokine environment characteristic of this condition. Three independent cAD-MSC lines were evaluated under baseline conditions and following cytokine stimulation with recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-γ; 100 ng/mL) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α; 50 ng/mL), referred to herein as inflammatory priming or licensing. Conditioned media were collected at 72 h for metabolite analysis and 48 h for protein analysis, and quantified by HPLC using external calibration and peak integration. Across all three lines, licensing produced directionally consistent increases: mean adenosine increased 2.3-fold, mean kynurenine increased 3.1-fold, mean IL-10 increased 1.6-fold, and mean TGF-β increased 1.7-fold compared with unlicensed controls. Metabolite measurements for adenosine and kynurenine are reported with full chromatographic selectivity data; IL-10 and TGF-β measurements by reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection are presented as exploratory/semi-quantitative outputs and will require orthogonal confirmation (e.g., immunoassay) in future work. These findings are preliminary, derived from three independent donor lines with no comparator group, and are intended to support feasibility of the analytical framework rather than establish definitive performance specifications. Collectively, the data support the potential of a multi-analyte HPLC-based characterization panel to capture licensing-responsive secretory shifts across mechanistically complementary pathways, providing a foundation for expanded development and validation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Research on Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2nd Edition))
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