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Metabolism in Neurological Disorders: New Molecular Perspectives

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 December 2024) | Viewed by 4437

Special Issue Editors

School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
Interests: human organoids; human stem cells; neuron; tissue engineering
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Guest Editor
Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Interests: genetically modified animals; CRISPR editing; neuroscience

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue endeavors to explore the latest molecular perspectives on metabolism in neurological disorders. Metabolism is known to play a pivotal role in the functioning of the nervous system, and understanding its intricacies is crucial for the development of effective treatments for various neurological disorders. In recent years, discoveries related to metabolism in neurological disorders include new molecular mechanisms, biomarkers, therapeutic strategies, and nutritional interventions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic dysregulation in neurological disorders is essential for developing targeted therapies. We can identify metabolic biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis and can also explore therapeutic strategies that target metabolic pathways holding great promise for the treatment of neurological disorders. Additionally, investigating the role of nutritional interventions in modulating metabolism and their impact on neurological health may provide valuable insights into disease prevention and management.

Through this Special Issue, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the field. By fostering a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between metabolism and neurological disorders, we hope to pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches that can improve human wellbeing and patient care outcomes.

Dr. Ann-Na Cho
Dr. Fabien Delerue
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • metabolism
  • neurological disorder
  • microbiome
  • metabolic biomarker
  • gut–brain axis
  • brain–body interaction
  • nutritional intervention
  • neurometabolic disease
  • enzyme defect

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

24 pages, 1708 KiB  
Review
The Role of Hypothalamic Microglia in the Onset of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes: A Neuro-Immune Perspective
by Radwan Darwish, Yasmine Alcibahy, Shahd Bucheeri, Ashraf Albishtawi, Maya Tama, Jeevan Shetty and Alexandra E. Butler
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 13169; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252313169 - 7 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2196
Abstract
Historically, microglial activation has been associated with diseases of a neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory nature. Some, like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple system atrophy, have been explored extensively, while others pertaining to metabolism not so much. However, emerging evidence points to hypothalamic inflammation [...] Read more.
Historically, microglial activation has been associated with diseases of a neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory nature. Some, like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple system atrophy, have been explored extensively, while others pertaining to metabolism not so much. However, emerging evidence points to hypothalamic inflammation mediated by microglia as a driver of metabolic dysregulations, particularly insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we explore this connection further and examine pathways that underlie this relationship, including the IKKβ/NF-κβ, IRS-1/PI3K/Akt, mTOR-S6 Kinase, JAK/STAT, and PPAR-γ signaling pathways. We also investigate the role of non-coding RNAs, namely microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, in insulin resistance related to neuroinflammation and their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Finally, we explore therapeutics further, searching for both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions that can help mitigate microglial activation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolism in Neurological Disorders: New Molecular Perspectives)
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19 pages, 11023 KiB  
Review
Integrative Metabolome and Proteome Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson’s Disease
by Seok Gi Kim, Ji Su Hwang, Nimisha Pradeep George, Yong Eun Jang, Minjun Kwon, Sang Seop Lee and Gwang Lee
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(21), 11406; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111406 - 23 Oct 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1705
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in reflecting pathophysiological PD brain conditions by analyzing the components of CSF. Based [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in reflecting pathophysiological PD brain conditions by analyzing the components of CSF. Based on the published literature, we created a single network with altered metabolites in the CSF of patients with PD. We analyzed biological functions related to the transmembrane of mitochondria, respiration of mitochondria, neurodegeneration, and PD using a bioinformatics tool. As the proteome reflects phenotypes, we collected proteome data based on published papers, and the biological function of the single network showed similarities with that of the metabolomic network. Then, we analyzed the single network of integrated metabolome and proteome. In silico predictions based on the single network with integrated metabolomics and proteomics showed that neurodegeneration and PD were predicted to be activated. In contrast, mitochondrial transmembrane activity and respiration were predicted to be suppressed in the CSF of patients with PD. This review underscores the importance of integrated omics analyses in deciphering PD’s complex biochemical networks underlying neurodegeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolism in Neurological Disorders: New Molecular Perspectives)
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