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Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapy

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Science, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, 46115 Valencia, Spain
Interests: inflammation; immunology; cell biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the context of an ageing world population, certain pathologies that are exacerbated in this process of ageing, such as osteoarthritis (OA), will become more prevalent in the coming years. Moreover, OA is one of the main causes of chronic pain and physical disability in the elderly. It is therefore of great relevance to gain a deep understanding on the pathophysiology of this disease, and also to identify potential prognostic and diagnostic tools along with novel promising therapeutic targets for OA. 

This Special Issue will focus on the factors and molecular mechanisms that may be involved in the origin and progression of OA, as well as in the identification of novel therapeutic approaches. We welcome the submission of original articles, both basic and translational research papers, as well as review papers.

Dr. Paloma Guillem-Llobat
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • osteoarthritis
  • therapeutic targets
  • molecular mechanisms
  • biomarkers
  • bone degenerative disease

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

22 pages, 1039 KiB  
Review
Epigenetic Biomarkers in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: An Emerging Target in Treatment
by Schilin Wen, Javiera Santander, Daniel Barria, Luis A. Salazar, Cristian Sandoval, Consuelo Arias and Verónica Iturriaga
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(8), 3668; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083668 - 12 Apr 2025
Viewed by 338
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a progressive disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the internal surfaces of the joint. Certain epigenetic biomarkers have been detected in TMJ-OA. We summarized the available evidence on the epigenetic biomarkers in TMJ-OA. There [...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a progressive disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the internal surfaces of the joint. Certain epigenetic biomarkers have been detected in TMJ-OA. We summarized the available evidence on the epigenetic biomarkers in TMJ-OA. There is an increase in the expression of non-coding RNAs related to the degradation of the extracellular matrix, chondrocyte apoptosis, and proinflammatory cytokines, while there is a decrease in the expression of those related to COL2A1, as well as the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Certain methylated genes and histone modifications in TMJ-OA were also identified. In the early stage, DNA methylation was significantly decreased; that is, the expression of inflammation-related genes such as TNF and genes associated with extracellular matrix degradation, such as Adamts, were increased. While in the late stage, there was an increase in the expression of genes associated with the TGF-β and MAPK signaling pathway and angiogenesis-related genes. Although research on the role of epigenetic markers in TMJ-OA is still ongoing, the results here contribute to improving the basis for the identification of accurate diagnostic and prognostic markers and the development of new therapeutic molecules for the prevention and management of TMJ-OA. It also represents a significant advancement in elucidating its pathogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapy)
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