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Periodontal Disease: From Pathogenesis, Diagnosis to Treatment
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Periodontal Disease: From Pathogenesis, Diagnosis to Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 2146

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sasanka Chukkapalli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Interests: periodontal disease therapy; selective antibiotic therapy for periodontal disease; phage therapy for periodontal disease; periodontal disease and point-of-care (POC) technologies; new avenues for periodontal disease diagnosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases affecting global populations. Significant efforts over the past few decades have improved our understanding of its molecular pathology and potential treatment. Despite these advancements, there are still gaps in the comprehensive management of periodontal disease. More molecular research is needed to fully elucidate the host–microbe interactions and the impact of systemic health on periodontal conditions. Furthermore, the development of more effective and accessible point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools and selective therapies that can eliminate oral pathobionts while preventing dysbiosis in the oral cavity remains a critical need. These advances are essential for improving periodontal disease outcomes and achieving better overall oral health.

Dr. Sasanka Chukkapalli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • periodontal disease
  • oral pathogens
  • dysbiosis in the oral cavity
  • new avenues for periodontal disease diagnosis
  • periodontal medicine
  • periodontal disease therapy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 598 KiB  
Communication
Expression of AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TUFT1, FAM83H and MMP20 Genes in Buccal Epithelial Cells from Patients with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH)—A Pilot Study
by Wojciech Tynior, Dorota Hudy, Karolina Gołąbek, Agnieszka Raczkowska-Siostrzonek and Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 766; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020766 - 17 Jan 2025
Viewed by 834
Abstract
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental defect that affects the enamel tissue of permanent teeth. Clinicians may observe a range of opacities in the affected teeth, varying from white to creamy, yellow, and brown. Of particular interest is an etiology of MIH [...] Read more.
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental defect that affects the enamel tissue of permanent teeth. Clinicians may observe a range of opacities in the affected teeth, varying from white to creamy, yellow, and brown. Of particular interest is an etiology of MIH that has not been rigorously elucidated. Researchers believe that there are many potential etiological factors with strong genetic and/or epigenetic influence. The primary factors contributing to the risk of MIH development include specific medical conditions and circumstances. These encompass prematurity, cesarean delivery, perinatal hypoxia, and various health issues such as measles, urinary tract infections, otitis media, gastrointestinal disorders, bronchitis, kidney diseases, pneumonia, and asthma. Although genetic research in this area has received substantial attention, the investigation of epigenetic factors remains comparatively underexplored. Special attention is given to genes and their protein products involved in amelogenesis. Examples of such genes are AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TUFT1, FAM83H, and MMP20. The median relative FAM83H gene expression in the control group was 0.038 (0.031–0.061) and 0.045 (0.032–0.087) in the study group in buccal swabs. The median relative TUFT1 gene expression in the control group was 0.328 (0.247–0.456) and 0.704 (0.334–1.183) in the study group in buccal swabs. Furthermore, children with MIH had significantly higher TUFT1 expression levels compared to the control group (p-value = 0.0043). Alterations in the expression of the TUFT1 and FAM83H genes could be contributing factors to MIH pathogenesis. Nonetheless, further investigation is essential to comprehensively elucidate the roles of all analyzed genes in the pathogenesis of MIH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Disease: From Pathogenesis, Diagnosis to Treatment)
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16 pages, 2051 KiB  
Article
The Role of Systemic Health Indicators, Including C-Reactive Protein and eGFR, in Predicting Periodontal Disease: A Longitudinal Study
by Amr Sayed Ghanem
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 741; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020741 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1057
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are key biomarkers reflecting systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. This study explored systemic and oral health indicators, including CRP and eGFR, as potential factors associated with periodontitis, using a longitudinal clinical dataset comprising 23,742 [...] Read more.
C-reactive protein (CRP) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are key biomarkers reflecting systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. This study explored systemic and oral health indicators, including CRP and eGFR, as potential factors associated with periodontitis, using a longitudinal clinical dataset comprising 23,742 records from patients identified by ICD-10 codes between 2015 and 2022. Univariate Cox analysis and Gompertz models, selected based on AIC and BIC after evaluating alternative models, were employed to assess the predictive roles of CRP and eGFR in periodontitis incidence, adjusting for oral and systemic health factors. Elevated CRP (>15 mg/L) and reduced eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) were significant predictors of periodontitis, with hazard ratios (HR) of 1.36 [1.05–1.77] and 1.39 [1.08–1.78], respectively. Atherosclerosis (HR: 2.12 [1.11–4.06]), diseases of the hard tissues of the teeth (HR: 7.30 [5.45–9.78]), and disorders of the teeth and supporting structures (HR: 3.02 [2.05–4.43]) also demonstrated strong predictive associations. CRP and eGFR emerged as potential biomarkers for predicting periodontitis, enabling early interventions to prevent tooth loss and systemic complications. Patients with chronic kidney disease, atherosclerotic heart disease, and lipid metabolism disorders are at higher risk, emphasizing the need for integrated care addressing both systemic and oral health factors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Disease: From Pathogenesis, Diagnosis to Treatment)
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