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Biotransformation and Engineering of Fungals and Microalgae

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 1709

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Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
Interests: microbial biotechnology; biopolymers; extraction processes; PHAs; environmental biotechnology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on the biotransformation and engineering of fungi and microalgae, highlighting their applications in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and environmental sustainability. In recent years, these microorganisms have been recognized for their potential in producing bioactive compounds, biofuels, and biomaterials, as well as in bioremediation and carbon fixation. Their metabolic pathways can be optimized through metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and omics technologies to enhance efficiency in industrial and environmental processes. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics: the biotransformation and biosynthesis of bioactive compounds by fungi and microalgae, including pharmaceuticals, antioxidants, pigments, and secondary metabolites; the metabolic and genetic engineering of fungi and microalgae to improve bioproduct yields using genetic editing tools, CRISPR-Cas, and synthetic biotechnology; bioremediation and environmental applications, such as pollutant degradation, CO2 capture, and wastewater treatment; the discovery, optimization, and application of enzymes involved in biotransformation, including cytochromes P450, lipoxygenases, and oxidoreductases; and the development of sustainable industrial processes converting renewable substrates into high-value products, such as bioplastics, biofuels, and biomaterials. Original research articles, reviews, and short communications addressing fundamental studies, applied research, and innovative bioprocess development are encouraged for submission.

Dr. Alejandro Chamizo-Ampudia
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biotransformation pathways
  • metabolic engineering
  • bioactive compound synthesis
  • enzyme catalysis
  • microalgae–fungi synergy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

23 pages, 1220 KB  
Review
Toward Sustainable Testosterone Manufacturing: Green Chemistry and Microbial Biotransformation Approaches
by José M. Fernández-Cañón and Alejandro Chamizo-Ampudia
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(5), 2444; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27052444 - 6 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1164
Abstract
Testosterone is a vital steroid hormone with important physiological roles and broad clinical significance, serving as a central molecular precursor in the synthesis of many pharmacologically active steroids. Testosterone is traditionally produced through complex chemical synthesis routes that involve hazardous reagents, harsh conditions, [...] Read more.
Testosterone is a vital steroid hormone with important physiological roles and broad clinical significance, serving as a central molecular precursor in the synthesis of many pharmacologically active steroids. Testosterone is traditionally produced through complex chemical synthesis routes that involve hazardous reagents, harsh conditions, and produce significant toxic waste. In recent decades, growing regulatory requirements and environmental sustainability goals have spurred the development of alternative biotechnological methods that use microbial biotransformation. This review offers a comparative analysis of chemical and biological methods for producing testosterone, focusing on microbial steroid biotransformation pathways and the key enzymatic steps involved in testosterone biosynthesis. It examines key advances in sterol breakdown, pathway engineering, and enzyme driven modifications, including the roles of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. The performance, specificity, and environmental impacts of bacterial and fungal cells as cell factories, especially Mycolicibacterium and Aspergillus species, are critically analyzed within the framework of modern green chemistry principles. Overall, by combining molecular insights with process considerations, this review illustrates how microbial platforms could complement and gradually transform traditional chemical synthesis methods, promoting a shift toward more sustainable steroid hormone production through engineered biocatalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotransformation and Engineering of Fungals and Microalgae)
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