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Current Advances and Perspectives in Microbial Genetics and Genomics—2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 790

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
IRIB-CNR (Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Italian National Research Council), Palermo, Italy
Interests: development of improved molecular tools for genetic engineering of GRAS bacteria and their exploitation for in vivo expression and delivery of therapeutic molecules, including recombinant immunotherapeutics; exploiting microbial enzymes for regenerative medicine and biomedical applications; analysis and targeting of mechanisms involved in the virulence of human pathogenic bacteria; profiling of environmental microbial communities
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Guest Editor
CERELA-CONICET (Reference Center for Lactobacilli-National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina), Chacabuco 145, Argentina
Interests: genomics characterization of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from artisanal fermented foods; genomic and functional characterization of bioactive compounds produced by LAB; impact of neuroactive compounds produced by LAB on the gut–brain axis and its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Progress and innovation in microbial genetics and genomics have been remarkable in recent years, revolutionizing our understanding of microbial life with profound implications for human health, agriculture, environmental conservation, and biotechnology. Continued investment in research and technology development is essential to further unlocking the potential of microbial systems for addressing global challenges.

This Special Issue welcomes submissions dealing with microbial genetics, genomics, and metagenomics, now explicitly encompassing prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, including yeasts. We encourage research articles that explore diverse aspects of bacteria, archaea, yeasts, and bacteriophages, including—but not limited to—gene regulation, microbe–host interactions, antibiotic and stress-resistance mechanisms supporting the development of new antimicrobial or antifungal strategies, the discovery of novel compounds or biomolecules of biotechnological interest from diverse microbial sources, metabolic pathways of environmental, commensal, and industrially relevant microorganisms (including xenobiotic degradation), and the fascinating evolutionary trajectories of microbial genomes. Whether investigating genetic diversity within microbial populations or elucidating the role of phages and yeasts in shaping microbial communities, we welcome contributions that advance our understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms that drive microbial life.

Dr. Marcello Tagliavia
Dr. Lucila Saavedra
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • microbial genetics
  • genomics and metagenomics
  • yeasts
  • gene regulation
  • microbe–host interactions
  • adaptation and resistance mechanisms
  • microbial metabolism

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 8664 KB  
Article
Metagenomic Profiling Reveals Extensive Bacterial Diversity in Chicken Manure and Associated Contaminated Wastewater
by Sadir Zaman, Nawab Ali, Waheed Ullah, Nadia Taimur, Noor ul Akbar, Aiman Waheed, Niaz Muhammad and Muhammad Saeed Khan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(9), 3741; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27093741 - 23 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Chicken manure and its potential to contaminate water systems through the dispersal of pathogenic bacteria are major concerns in environmental and public health. In this study, a metagenomic analysis was employed to systematically identify and compare bacterial assemblages in chicken manure (CM) and [...] Read more.
Chicken manure and its potential to contaminate water systems through the dispersal of pathogenic bacteria are major concerns in environmental and public health. In this study, a metagenomic analysis was employed to systematically identify and compare bacterial assemblages in chicken manure (CM) and in a contaminated sample of chicken manure wastewater (CMW). Whole DNA was extracted from CM and CMW, followed by whole-genome shotgun sequencing; data analysis was done using online Galaxy software (ver. 26.0.1.dev1). Metagenomic analysis reveals a complex One Health challenge. Data showed that CM and CMW are different in their microbiota, as indicated by a distinct separation of beta diversity values and limited overlapping of species between sample types. In the current study, we found a greatly significant common functional set of adapted bacterial masses, including major pathogenic bacterial groups as well as opportunistic and environmental bacterial species, indicative of a direct contamination from CM and CMW. Notably, in both CM and CMW, a plethora of opportunistic, enteric, and environmental pathogens like Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Acinetobacter baumannii were found, coupled with an indication of a direct functional flow between both ecosystems as tangled reservoirs. Chicken manure samples showed differences in taxonomic composition and inferred functional profiles at the time of sampling: CM1 was pathogen-enriched, CM2 exhibited strong nitrogen-supportive metabolism, CM3 was dominated by fiber-degrading decomposers, and CM4 showed high methane-producing potential with environmental risk. Such findings underscore the raising of chickens as a potential source of harmful bacteria for the environment. It is important to note that this study represents a preliminary investigation with certain limitations, including the absence of biological replicates, lack of temporal sampling, and limited capacity to infer dynamic ecological interactions. Yet this metagenomic report is more about describing the taxonomy and functional potential of the bacteria, rather than discussing the actual ecological processes of these microorganisms in the environment. Future studies will be required to explore these aspects. Full article
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16 pages, 1795 KB  
Article
ΔFW-NPS6-Dependent Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Putative Pathogenicity Genes in Fusarium oxysporum
by Xuhong Ye, Li Zhang, Jianjie Zhang, Haozhe Lu, Jiaqi Li and Hongtao Zou
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 830; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020830 - 14 Jan 2026
Viewed by 357
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum is an increasingly threatening fungal pathogen that systemically colonizes watermelon plants and severely compromises their productivity by causing destructive vascular wilt disease. While its nonribosomal peptide synthetase NPS6 has been identified as a key virulence factor, the regulatory [...] Read more.
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum is an increasingly threatening fungal pathogen that systemically colonizes watermelon plants and severely compromises their productivity by causing destructive vascular wilt disease. While its nonribosomal peptide synthetase NPS6 has been identified as a key virulence factor, the regulatory mechanisms through which it controls downstream gene networks to cause disease remain unclear. To elucidate this regulatory pathway, we constructed a ΔFW-NPS6 knockout mutant and conducted a comparative genome-wide analysis using RNA sequencing, with the wild-type strain as a control. The results revealed 66 NPS6-dependent differentially expressed genes, which were primarily associated with secondary-metabolite biosynthesis (e.g., genes encoding nonribosomal peptide synthetases like NPS2) and pathogen–host interactions (e.g., components of the MAPK signaling pathway), and were enriched in key pathogenic pathways. This finding reveals the virulence regulatory network mediated by NPS6, providing a direct theoretical foundation and crucial molecular targets for developing novel control strategies, such as targeted fungicides or genetic interventions, against Fusarium wilt in watermelon by highlighting NPS6 itself as a potential fungicide target and its downstream pathways (e.g., siderophore biosynthesis) as points for intervention. Full article
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