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Formation, Regulation and Affecting Factors of Fruit Quality, 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2025) | Viewed by 2098

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: fruit ripening; fruit quality formation; signal transduction; environmental signals; hormonal signals; strawberry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fruits constitute an important part of the human diet, and fruit quality is a major concern for consumers. The formation of fruit quality is tightly coupled with fruit ripening, during which dramatic changes occur in a series of physiological and biochemical metabolisms, such as those related to color, sugar, acid, aroma, cell wall, etc. These metabolic events are essential and are determined by key enzymes, which are transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally regulated by cellular signaling systems. Phytohormones and environmental factors act as internal and external cues, triggering cellular signaling systems and controlling fruit quality formation.

In this Special Issue of IJMS, we will focus on the molecular identification and characterization of the key enzymes implicated in fruit-quality-associated metabolisms, the transcription factors transcriptionally controlling the key enzymes, and, particularly, the signaling systems determining fruit quality formation. Research papers, up-to-date reviews, and perspective articles are all welcome.

Prof. Dr. Wensuo Jia
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • fruit ripening
  • fruit quality formation
  • signal transduction
  • hormones
  • environmental signals
  • transcription factors
  • key enzymes
  • metabolism

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4612 KiB  
Article
Regulation of MdANR in Anti-Burning Process of Apple Peel
by Yifeng Feng, Wenya Tian, Junjiao Guo, Jianghong Fu, Jiangbo Wang, Yan Wang and Zhengyang Zhao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(10), 4656; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104656 - 13 May 2025
Viewed by 273
Abstract
Sunburn in apple peel significantly affects fruit appearance and reduces its commercial value. Previous research has shown that apple peel reduces sunburn by increasing the accumulation of proanthocyanidins (PAs) and other protective compounds. However, the precise molecular regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this [...] Read more.
Sunburn in apple peel significantly affects fruit appearance and reduces its commercial value. Previous research has shown that apple peel reduces sunburn by increasing the accumulation of proanthocyanidins (PAs) and other protective compounds. However, the precise molecular regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we systematically investigated MdANR, a key gene involved in PAs biosynthesis. We found that MdANR expression in apple peel is responsive to temperature and light fluctuations, with higher expression levels observed under increased temperature and light exposure. Functional analysis revealed that MdANR overexpression in apple peel and callus enhanced resistance to high-temperature and -light-intensity stress, accompanied by a corresponding increase in PAs and chlorogenic acid contents. In addition, we demonstrated that MdMYBR9 can activate MdANR promoter activity and promote its expression through yeast one-hybrid, dual-luciferase, and electrophoretic mobility transfer experiments. The results indicated that MdMYBR9 was an upstream regulator of MdANR. Based on these findings, this study proposes the MdMYBR9-MdANR-PAs regulatory model for apple sunburn resistance, providing a molecular framework for enhancing sunburn tolerance in apple breeding programs. Full article
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17 pages, 9302 KiB  
Article
Identification of Apple Flower Development-Related Gene Families and Analysis of Transcriptional Regulation
by Chuang Mei, Xianguo Li, Peng Yan, Beibei Feng, Aisajan Mamat, Jixun Wang and Ning Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7510; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147510 - 9 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1480
Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) stands out as a globally significant fruit tree with considerable economic importance. Nonetheless, the orchard production of ‘Fuji’ apples faces significant challenges, including delayed flowering in young trees and inconsistent annual yields in mature trees, ultimately resulting in [...] Read more.
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) stands out as a globally significant fruit tree with considerable economic importance. Nonetheless, the orchard production of ‘Fuji’ apples faces significant challenges, including delayed flowering in young trees and inconsistent annual yields in mature trees, ultimately resulting in suboptimal fruit yield due to insufficient flower bud formation. Flower development represents a pivotal process influencing plant adaptation to environmental conditions and is a crucial determinant of successful plant reproduction. The three gene or transcription factor (TF) families, C2H2, DELLA, and FKF1, have emerged as key regulators in plant flowering regulation; however, understanding their roles during apple flowering remains limited. Consequently, this study identified 24 MdC2H2, 6 MdDELLA, and 6 MdFKF1 genes in the apple genome with high confidence. Through phylogenetic analyses, the genes within each family were categorized into three distinct subgroups, with all facets of protein physicochemical properties and conserved motifs contingent upon subgroup classification. Repetitive events between these three gene families within the apple genome were elucidated via collinearity analysis. qRT-PCR analysis was conducted and revealed significant expression differences among MdC2H2-18, MdDELLA1, and MdFKF1-4 during apple bud development. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid analysis unveiled an interaction between MdC2H2-18 and MdDELLA1. The genome-wide identification of the C2H2, DELLA, and FKF1 gene families in apples has shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying apple flower bud development. Full article
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