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Advances in Understanding Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Chronic Kidney Injury and Repair

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Guest Editor
Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), 25196 Lleida, Spain
Interests: kidney disease; obesity-related kidney disease; ischemic kidney injury; inflammation; oxidative stress; autophagy; ageing; extracellular vesicles; small ncRNA

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The kidneys play a crucial role as excretory organs, preserving the internal environment of the organism. To maintain homeostasis, kidneys employ key physiological mechanisms, including glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular excretion. A decline in kidney function can give rise to a spectrum of health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, anemia, osteodystrophy, hyperlipidemia, and others. The renal proximal tubule serves as the primary sensor for different types of acute or chronic kidney insults, being particularly susceptible to cellular injury due to its essential functions in reabsorption, secretion, and substantial metabolic activity. Additionally, the renal tubule plays a pivotal role in the progression of both acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Depending on the severity of the kidney damage, initial injury can lead to regeneration of the damaged tissue or, in the case of sustained damage, the initiation of dramatic cellular and molecular rearrangements including cell cycle arrest, partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition, lipotoxicity, autophagy deregulation, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, senescence, and the death of renal tubular cells. As the process progresses, the renal parenchyma fails to regenerate and undergo maladaptive repair, promoting renal fibrosis and progress towards CKD, known as AKI-to-CKD transition. The precise cellular and molecular mechanisms behind kidney injury and repair remain incomplete. While the quest for effective therapies for chronic kidney injury persists, current options are limited to supportive therapy. Studies conducted in preclinical settings have identified various strategies that reduce fibrosis in experimental models, involving the targeting of signaling pathways, transcription factors, cytokines, or microRNAs.

As the guest editor of this Special Issue, “Advances in Understanding Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Chronic Kidney Injury and Repair”, in IJMS, I expect submissions from researchers focusing on deciphering molecular mechanisms of kidney injury and repair with a strong emphasis on molecular biology and molecular medicine. Original research papers and comprehensive up-to-date review articles are all welcome.

Dr. Milica Bozic
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • kidney disease
  • ischemic kidney injury
  • renal fibrosis
  • obesity
  • inflammation
  • oxidative stress
  • autophagy
  • senescence
  • cell death
  • small ncRNA

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 3865 KiB  
Article
Involvement of ADAM17-Klotho Crosstalk in High Glucose-Induced Alterations of Podocyte Function
by Dorota Rogacka, Patrycja Rachubik, Marlena Typiak, Tomasz Kulesza, Irena Audzeyenka, Moin A. Saleem, Honorata Sikora, Natalia Gruba, Magdalena Wysocka, Adam Lesner and Agnieszka Piwkowska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020731 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 859
Abstract
Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical abnormality in diabetic kidney disease. High glucose (HG) concentrations are associated with the induction of oxidative stress in podocytes, leading to disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier. Our recent study revealed a significant decrease in the membrane-bound fraction [...] Read more.
Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical abnormality in diabetic kidney disease. High glucose (HG) concentrations are associated with the induction of oxidative stress in podocytes, leading to disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier. Our recent study revealed a significant decrease in the membrane-bound fraction of Klotho in podocytes that were cultured under HG conditions. Given that disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) is responsible for the shedding of Klotho from the cell membrane, the present study investigated the impact of HG on the interplay between ADAM17 and Klotho in human podocytes. We demonstrated that ADAM17 protein levels significantly increased in urine, renal tissue, and glomeruli from diabetic rats, with a concomitant increase in glomerular albumin permeability. High glucose increased ADAM17 extracellular activity, NADPH oxidase activity, and albumin permeability in podocytes. These effects were reversed after treatment with ADAM17 inhibitor, in cells with downregulated ADAM17 expression, or after the addition of Klotho. Additionally, elevations of extracellular ADAM17 activity were observed in podocytes with the downregulation of Klotho expression. Our data indicate a novel mechanism whereby hyperglycemia deteriorates podocyte function via ADAM17 activation. We also demonstrated the ability of Klotho to protect podocyte function under hyperglycemic conditions in an ADAM17-dependent manner. Full article
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