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Innovative Advances and Applications in Medical and Molecular Virology

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2026 | Viewed by 1537

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
Interests: virus; virology; influenza; pneumococcal pneumonia; infectious diseases

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Guest Editor
Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Interests: respiratory viruses; diagnosis; treatment; aerosol transmission; infection control; pathogenesis; epidemiology; bloodborne viruses; congenital viral infections; viral infections of the immunocompromised
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Molecular diagnostics play an important and ever-increasing role in clinical and medical virology, particularly the various strategies employed to detect, quantify and characterize viral nucleic acids. These molecular strategies include the polymerase chain reaction, droplet digital PCR, transcription-mediated amplification, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and various sequencing technologies. Such assays have become standard detection methods in many diagnostic and research laboratories around the world. Another evolving aspect is the type of sample to which these assays are applied, i.e., not just standard clinical samples, but also single cells, ancient ice-cores, wastewater, air, and other environmental samples. For this Special Issue, we welcome papers on the development of innovative assays and/or applications to novel sample types or situations. Manuscripts on innovations in molecular virology are also welcome—including on viral genomics, metagenomics, interactomics, integrative omics, CRISPR-Cas strategies, organoid models, and novel antiviral strategies.

Dr. Vincent T. K. Chow
Dr. Julian Tang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • medical virology
  • molecular virology
  • molecular diagnostics
  • genomics
  • metagenomics
  • interactomics
  • integrative omics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

39 pages, 12418 KB  
Article
A Possible Recently Identified Evolutionary Strategy Using Membrane-Bound Vesicle Transfer of Genetic Material to Induce Bacterial Resistance, Virulence and Pathogenicity in Klebsiella oxytoca
by Yahaira de Jesús Tamayo-Ordóñez, Ninfa María Rosas-García, Juan Manuel Bello-López, María Concepción Tamayo-Ordóñez, Francisco Alberto Tamayo-Ordóñez, Claudia Camelia Calzada-Mendoza and Benjamín Abraham Ayil-Gutiérrez
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 988; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020988 - 19 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1091
Abstract
Klebsiella oxytoca has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen in nosocomial infections, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to its capacity to acquire and disseminate resistance and virulence genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This study presents a genome-based comparative analysis of K. [...] Read more.
Klebsiella oxytoca has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen in nosocomial infections, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to its capacity to acquire and disseminate resistance and virulence genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This study presents a genome-based comparative analysis of K. oxytoca within the genus Klebsiella, aimed at exploring the evolutionary plausibility of outer membrane vesicle (OMV) associated processes in bacterial adaptation. Using publicly available reference genomes, we analyzed pangenome structure, phylogenetic relationships, and the distribution of mobile genetic elements, resistance determinants, virulence factors, and genes related to OMV biogenesis. Our results reveal a conserved set of envelope associated and stress responsive genes involved in vesiculogenic pathways, together with an extensive mobilome and resistome characteristic of the genus. Although these genomic features are consistent with conditions that may favor OMV production, they do not constitute direct evidence of functional OMV mediated horizontal gene transfer. Instead, our findings support a hypothesis generating evolutionary framework in which OMVs may act as a complementary mechanism to established gene transfer routes, including conjugation, integrative mobile elements, and bacteriophages. Overall, this study provides a genomic framework for future experimental and metagenomic investigations into the role of OMV-associated processes in antimicrobial resistance dissemination and should be interpreted as a recently identified evolutionary strategy inferred from genomic data, rather than a novel or experimentally validated mechanism. Full article
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