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Infectious Agents and Inflammatory Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 6830

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic inflammatory diseases, affecting the different parts of the human body, including the central nervous system as well as the respiratory, intestinal, vascular and genital tracts, represent an important public health problem due to their contribution to elevated morbidity and mortality, as evidenced by the latest report of the World Health Organization. In recent years, infectious agents, including viral and bacterial pathogens, as well as the presence of more infectious agents (a condition called “infectious burden”) have acquired increasing importance in the etiopathogenesis of chronic conditions such as atherosclerosis, irritable bowel syndrome, Chron’s disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, cancer, etc. This Special Issue welcomes current knowledge and research trends on the epidemiological, clinical, cellular and molecular aspects concerning the etiopathogenetic role of invading pathogens in the onset, development, and outcome of these conditions. Original research articles as well as review, systematic review and communication are encouraged.

Dr. Rosa Sessa
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • infectious burden
  • host–pathogen interactions
  • epidemiological studies
  • prevention studies
  • cellular and molecular mechanisms
  • chronic inflammatory diseases
  • atherosclerosis
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • inflammatory bowel diseases
  • irritable bowel syndrome
  • pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • cancer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 263 KiB  
Article
The Association of IFNL4 Gene Polymorphisms with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection in the Northern Region of Pará, Brazil
by Álesson Adam Fonseca Andrade, Carolina Cabral Angelim, Letícia Dias Martins, Amanda Roberta Vieira Sacramento, Renata Santos de Sousa, Raissa Lima Correa, Simone Regina Souza da Silva Conde, Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto, Rosimar Neris Martins Feitosa and Greice de Lemos Cardoso Costa
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(19), 10836; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910836 - 9 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1072
Abstract
It is heavily suggested that one IFNL4 gene polymorphism, rs12979860 (T/C), exerts influence on the outcome of HBV infection, with the rs12979860-T allele being classified as a risk predictor, and the rs12979860-C allele being classified as a protective one. This study investigated whether [...] Read more.
It is heavily suggested that one IFNL4 gene polymorphism, rs12979860 (T/C), exerts influence on the outcome of HBV infection, with the rs12979860-T allele being classified as a risk predictor, and the rs12979860-C allele being classified as a protective one. This study investigated whether the rs12979860 IFNL4 gene polymorphism presented any association with the clinical severity for HBV carriers in an admixed population in Northern Brazil. A total of 69 samples were investigated from infected people from the city of Belém-Pará. The rs12979860-T allele was positively associated with HBV infection, suggesting a higher risk of chronicity. This research’s importance is that the polymorphism influence was investigated in a population of HBV carriers with a heterogeneous genetic profile, formed through the extensive admixture of different ethnic groups, including Europeans, Africans, and Natives with indigenous heritage. This analysis is particularly important since highly mixed populations do not always follow the same association patterns previously established by studies using populations classified as more genetically homogeneous, due to a different formation process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Agents and Inflammatory Diseases)

Review

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21 pages, 1974 KiB  
Review
Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments
by Karolina Makowska, Joanna Nowaczyk, Leszek Blicharz, Anna Waśkiel-Burnat, Joanna Czuwara, Małgorzata Olszewska and Lidia Rudnicka
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(1), 781; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010781 - 2 Jan 2023
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 5200
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disorder manifesting by eczematous lesions and intense pruritus. Atopic dermatitis develops primarily as a result of an epidermal barrier defect and immunological imbalance. Advances in understanding these pathogenetic hallmarks, and particularly the complex role of [...] Read more.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disorder manifesting by eczematous lesions and intense pruritus. Atopic dermatitis develops primarily as a result of an epidermal barrier defect and immunological imbalance. Advances in understanding these pathogenetic hallmarks, and particularly the complex role of interleukins as atopic dermatitis drivers, resulted in achieving significant therapeutic breakthroughs. Novel medications involve monoclonal antibodies specifically blocking the function of selected interleukins and small molecules such as Janus kinase inhibitors limiting downstream signaling to reduce the expression of a wider array of proinflammatory factors. Nevertheless, a subset of patients remains refractory to those treatments, highlighting the complexity of atopic dermatitis immunopathogenesis in different populations. In this review, we address the immunological heterogeneity of atopic dermatitis endotypes and phenotypes and present novel interleukin-oriented therapies for this disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Agents and Inflammatory Diseases)
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