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Molecular Research on Diabetes—2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 656

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Interests: diabetes; retinopathy; VEGF-A; IGF-1; advanced glycation end-products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
Interests: the role of caveoles in the insulin and IGF1 signal; new technologies in the treatment of diabetes mellitus; role of bariatric surgery in the regulation of metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. This chronic disorder raises the risk of microvascular as well as neurological disorders and contributes to the pathophysiology of diabetes complications. Type II diabetes accounts for 85–90% of all diabetic patients. There are a range of reasons as to why diabetes can occur: insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction are the main causative abnormalities; however, several mutations in the genes important for glucose homeostasis and β cell development have been related to the progress of hyperglycemia. In addition, environmental factors may influence the incidence of hyperglycemia. Although several studies have aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of diabetes and its complications, their precise pathophysiology is not completely understood. This Special Issue aims to collect the latest research on different biological processes and molecular mechanisms that cause diabetes, with a special emphasis on 1. insulin deficiency and insulin resistance, 2. impaired signaling pathways involved in glucose metabolism, 3. glucose transport and defects in transport activity, 4. post-translational modifications of the proteins involved in metabolism, 5. genetic defects associated with diabetes, 6. oxidative stress, and 7. pharmacological agents regulating glucose metabolism.

Dr. Alessandra Puddu
Dr. Davide Maggi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • diabetes
  • insulin
  • glucose metabolism
  • oxidative stress

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 1047 KiB  
Review
Differential Impact of Medical Therapies for Acromegaly on Glucose Metabolism
by Federico Gatto, Anna Arecco, Jessica Amarù, Marica Arvigo, Claudia Campana, Angelo Milioto, Daniela Esposito, Gudmundur Johannsson, Francesco Cocchiara, Davide Carlo Maggi, Diego Ferone and Alessandra Puddu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 465; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020465 - 8 Jan 2025
Viewed by 446
Abstract
Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) production, due, in the vast majority of cases, to the presence of a GH-secreting pituitary tumour. The chronic elevation of GH and the resulting high circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 [...] Read more.
Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) production, due, in the vast majority of cases, to the presence of a GH-secreting pituitary tumour. The chronic elevation of GH and the resulting high circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) cause the characteristic tissue overgrowth and a number of associated comorbidities, including several metabolic changes, such as glucose intolerance and overt diabetes mellitus (DM). Elevated GH concentrations directly attenuate insulin signalling and stimulate lipolysis, decreasing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, thus leading to the development of impaired glucose tolerance and DM. Acromegaly treatment aims to normalize plasma GH and IGF-1 levels using surgery, medical treatment, or radiotherapy. The effect of the different medical therapies on glucose homeostasis varies. This literature review explores the impact of the currently available pharmacological therapies for acromegaly (first- and second-generation somatostatin receptor ligands, a GH receptor antagonist, and dopamine agonists) on glucose homeostasis. We also discuss the underlying biological mechanisms through which they impact glucose metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Diabetes—2nd Edition)
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