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Neuroinflammation: The Pathogenic Mechanism of Neurological Disorders 3.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2025) | Viewed by 1118

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Epilepsy Research Center, Neurosurgery Department, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
Interests: neuroinflammation; epilepsy; spreading depression; stem cells; neuroprotection; brain cancer; biomaterials; brain injury
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neuroinflammation is an essential mechanism in the development and progression of several neurological and psychological diseases. Although neuroinflammation is a natural defense mechanism against versatile pathologic insults within the central nervous system (CNS), immune responses may play a detrimental role by excessive inflammatory reactions. A better understanding of both the inflammatory processes that are triggered before or at the time when the damage to the CNS occurs as well as the subsequent cascades of inflammatory reactions could lead to the development of novel treatments. This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences welcomes both original research articles and reviews on our molecular and conceptual understanding of neuroinflammation in disorders of the CNS, including cerebrovascular diseases, multiple sclerosis, brain trauma, epilepsy, various neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, different psychological disorders, CNS infection, peripheral neuropathies, and migraine. We are particularly interested in articles that focus on the recent advances in targeting neuroinflammation as a novel approach to the treatment of CNS disorders.

Prof. Dr. Ali Gorji
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cerebrovascular disorders
  • neurotrauma
  • epilepsy
  • multiple sclerosis
  • psychological disorders
  • neurodegenerative disorders
  • brain cancer
  • stem cell therapy
  • imaging brain
  • spinal cord
  • encephalitis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 739 KiB  
Review
The Role of Oligodendrocytes in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Unwrapping the Layers
by Leona Bokulic Panichi, Stefano Stanca, Cristina Dolciotti and Paolo Bongioanni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(10), 4623; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104623 - 12 May 2025
Viewed by 387
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease, and multiple sclerosis, are characterized by progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, leading to severe cognitive, motor, and behavioral impairments. They pose a significant and growing challenge due to [...] Read more.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease, and multiple sclerosis, are characterized by progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, leading to severe cognitive, motor, and behavioral impairments. They pose a significant and growing challenge due to their rising prevalence and impact on global health systems. The societal and emotional toll on patients, caregivers, and healthcare infrastructures is considerable. While significant progress has been made in elucidating the pathological hallmarks of these disorders, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Increasing evidence implicates oligodendrocytes and their progenitors—oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs)—in the pathogenesis of several NDs, beyond their traditionally recognized role in demyelinating conditions such as MS. Oligodendrocytes are essential for axonal myelination, metabolic support, and neural circuit modulation in the central nervous system. Disruptions in oligodendrocyte function and myelin integrity—manifesting as demyelination, hypomyelination, or dysmyelination—have been associated with disease progression in various neurodegenerative contexts. This review consolidates recent findings on the role of OPCs in NDs, explores the concept of myelin plasticity, and discusses therapeutic strategies targeting oligodendrocyte dysfunction. By highlighting emerging research in oligodendrocyte biology, this review aims to provide a short overview of its relevance to neurodegenerative disease progression and potential therapeutic advances. Full article
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