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Adipose Tissue in Human Health and Disease 2.0
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Adipose Tissue in Human Health and Disease 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 4923

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Alina Kuryłowicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
2. Department of General Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education Warsaw, Poland
Interests: obesity; adipose tissue; metabolic syndrome; type 2 diabetes; insulin resistance; metabolic inflammation; epigenetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, our understanding of the role of adipose tissue in human health and disease has changed significantly. Currently, it is not only perceived as a store of energy but as an active endocrine organ that can modulate the functions of other tissues and systems. The obesity-related excessive accumulation of lipids causes changes in adipocyte metabolism, leading to, among other results, mitochondrial dysfunction and associated endoplasmic reticulum stress. As a result, the expression of many genes in adipocytes changes unfavorably; thus, the profile of substances secreted by adipose tissue (adipokines) does the same. This process, called adipose tissue dysfunction, is believed to underlie the development of chronic obesity complications, affecting virtually all organs and significantly impairing quality of life. The purpose of this Special Issue is to summarize contemporary research on the role of adipose tissue in the regulation of human physiology and the health consequences of obesity-related adipocyte dysfunction.

Prof. Dr. Alina Kuryłowicz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • adipose tissue
  • metabolic inflammation
  • insulin resistance
  • obesity
  • type 2 diabetes
  • metabolic syndrome

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 254 KiB  
Article
New Markers of Early Kidney Damage in Children and Adolescents with Simple Obesity
by Anna Medyńska, Joanna Chrzanowska, Agnieszka Zubkiewicz-Kucharska and Danuta Zwolińska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(19), 10769; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910769 - 7 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 948
Abstract
The impact of obesity on kidney injury and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is well documented. Unfortunately, the early stages of CKD are asymptomatic, leading to a delayed diagnosis and a worse prognosis. There is a need for more sensitive indicators [...] Read more.
The impact of obesity on kidney injury and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is well documented. Unfortunately, the early stages of CKD are asymptomatic, leading to a delayed diagnosis and a worse prognosis. There is a need for more sensitive indicators of kidney damage than those currently used. We aimed to assess the usefulness of serum t-CAF, urinary netrin-1, α-GST, π-GST, calbindin, and calprotectin as biomarkers of early kidney damage in obese children and to investigate the relationship between these indicators and the degree of obesity. A total of 125 simple obese, normoalbuminuric children and 33 non-obese children as controls were selected. Patients were divided into 2 subgroups according to SDS BMI (I: 2 ≤ 4, II: >4). Serum t-CAF was significantly higher in the obese group compared to the controls, as were urinary α-GST, netrin-1, π-GST, and calprotectin. No difference was found between the two obese groups. In normoalbuminuric obese children and adolescents without significant metabolic disorders, serum t-CAF may be a new biomarker for the early detection of renal dysfunction, and urinary netrin-1, α-GST, π-GST, and calprotectin may be better indicators for the detection of early tubular damage, independent of the severity of obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adipose Tissue in Human Health and Disease 2.0)

Review

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14 pages, 1505 KiB  
Review
Influence of Maternal Adipokines on Anthropometry, Adiposity, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of the Offspring
by Jorge Valencia-Ortega, Andrea Castillo-Santos, Miranda Molerés-Orduña, Juan Mario Solis-Paredes, Renata Saucedo, Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez and Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(21), 11655; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111655 - 30 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 976
Abstract
Pregnancy is distinguished by a multitude of intricate interactions between the mother and the new individual, commencing at implantation and persisting until the maturation and integration of the fetal apparatus and systems. The physiological increase in fat mass during pregnancy and the association [...] Read more.
Pregnancy is distinguished by a multitude of intricate interactions between the mother and the new individual, commencing at implantation and persisting until the maturation and integration of the fetal apparatus and systems. The physiological increase in fat mass during pregnancy and the association of maternal obesity with adverse neonatal outcomes have directed attention to the study of maternal adipokines as participants in fetal development. Interestingly, maternal concentrations of certain adipokines such as adiponectin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 have been found to be associated with offspring anthropometry and adiposity at birth and at three months of age, even with neurodevelopmental alterations later in life. This is partly explained by the functions of these adipokines in the regulation of maternal metabolism and placental nutrient transport. This review compiles, organizes, and analyzes the most relevant studies on the association between maternal adipokines with anthropometry, adiposity, and neurodevelopmental outcomes of the offspring. Furthermore, it proposes the underlying mechanisms involved in this association. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adipose Tissue in Human Health and Disease 2.0)
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32 pages, 2205 KiB  
Review
The Role of Adipocytes Recruited as Part of Tumor Microenvironment in Promoting Colorectal Cancer Metastases
by Yunxia Ma, Miljana Nenkov, Yuan Chen and Nikolaus Gaßler
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8352; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158352 - 30 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2282
Abstract
Adipose tissue dysfunction, which is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of obesity. Obesity-related inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling promote colorectal cancer metastasis (CRCM) by shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME). When CRC [...] Read more.
Adipose tissue dysfunction, which is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of obesity. Obesity-related inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling promote colorectal cancer metastasis (CRCM) by shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME). When CRC occurs, the metabolic symbiosis of tumor cells recruits adjacent adipocytes into the TME to supply energy. Meanwhile, abundant immune cells, from adipose tissue and blood, are recruited into the TME, which is stimulated by pro-inflammatory factors and triggers a chronic local pro-inflammatory TME. Dysregulated ECM proteins and cell surface adhesion molecules enhance ECM remodeling and further increase contractibility between tumor and stromal cells, which promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT increases tumor migration and invasion into surrounding tissues or vessels and accelerates CRCM. Colorectal symbiotic microbiota also plays an important role in the promotion of CRCM. In this review, we provide adipose tissue and its contributions to CRC, with a special emphasis on the role of adipocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, ECM, and symbiotic gut microbiota in the progression of CRC and their contributions to the CRC microenvironment. We highlight the interactions between adipocytes and tumor cells, and potential therapeutic approaches to target these interactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adipose Tissue in Human Health and Disease 2.0)
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