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Molecular Research in Ocular Inflammation and Infection

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 94

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Ophthalmology, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris-Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France
Interests: uveitis; macular edema; retinopathy; choroiditis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ocular inflammation is associated with various diseases and is recognized as the fifth leading cause of blindness in Western countries. Its underlying causes can be categorized into several main groups:

  1. Infectious causes: These are the most common and include pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii, members of the herpesvirus family, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and less frequently involved agents such as Bartonella species.
  2. Autoimmune disorders confined to the choroid–retina layer: Examples include acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, idiopathic multifocal choroiditis, and serpiginous choroiditis. Their pathophysiology is increasingly being elucidated through optical coherence tomography (OCT) and indocyanine green angiography.
  3. Systemic autoimmune diseases: These involve ocular manifestations as part of systemic conditions, such as sarcoidosis, the prevalence of which has risen in recent years.
  4. Neoplastic masquerade syndromes: These include conditions that mimic uveitis, most classically intraocular non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma, and systemic hematologic malignancies that delay diagnosis and specific treatment due to their atypical ocular presentations.
  5. Iatrogenic uveitis: This form of inflammation may be induced by novel anti-cancer immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Additionally, recent studies have reported pseudo-uveitis masquerade syndromes in patients with genetic retinal dystrophies characterized by predominant neuroinflammation.

This Special Issue seeks international contributions on all aspects of ocular inflammation and infection in both adults and children. Submissions may include (but are not limited to) original research, diagnostic advances, case reports or series, novel treatment approaches, and imaging innovations.

We hope that this international collaborative effort will provide deeper insights into the diagnosis and management of these complex and often rare conditions.

This Special Issue is supervised by Dr. Christine Fardeau (Paris-Sorbonne University) and Dr. Munirah Alafaleq(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University).

Dr. Christine Fardeau
Guest Editor

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • ocular infections
  • uveitis
  • choroiditis
  • masquerade syndrome
  • pseudo-uveitis
  • intraocular lymphoma
  • retinal dystrophy
  • ocular inflammation
  • neuroinflammation
  • immunotherapy-induced uveitis
  • autoimmune eye diseases
  • sarcoidosis
  • OCT
  • indocyanine green angiography

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 5261 KB  
Article
Atypical Presentations and Molecular Diagnosis of Ocular Bartonellosis
by Munirah Alafaleq and Christine Fardeau
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(21), 10421; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262110421 (registering DOI) - 27 Oct 2025
Abstract
To describe unusual findings and management of neuroretinitis in patients with cat scratch disease (CSD), their functional outcome after a case-oriented treatment was anaylsed, and the current literature was reviewed. A retrospective monocentric case series and a literature review. Review of medical records, [...] Read more.
To describe unusual findings and management of neuroretinitis in patients with cat scratch disease (CSD), their functional outcome after a case-oriented treatment was anaylsed, and the current literature was reviewed. A retrospective monocentric case series and a literature review. Review of medical records, multimodal imaging, and literature review. Five patients (four females and one male) with a mean age of 29.75 years (range: 11–71 years) had unusual findings of ocular bartonellosis, including inner retinitis, focal choroiditis, retinal microaneurysms, and bilateral sectorial optic nerve swelling. Bartonella-related ocular infections were not limited to the posterior segment of the eye. Molecular tests, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), showed that elevated markers of IgG titers were used and were positive in the aqueous humour of one patient. Reference to the use of intravitreal treatment in one of the cases was useful. Case-oriented management is associated with improvement in visual acuity, retinal, and choroidal lesions. The range of ocular signs of Bartonella infection could be extended. Molecular tests, such as PCR, are useful diagnostic approaches in the diagnosis of posterior uveitis. Treatment could require intravitreal antibiotic injections in unusual ocular bartonellosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Ocular Inflammation and Infection)
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