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Micro(nano) Plastics and Estrogens as Endocrine Disruptors Meet the Female Reproductive System, Breast and Colon: What Is Going On?

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 1128

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: environmental genomics and mutagenesis; nanotoxicology; DNA damage and repair; ancient and damaged DNAs; applied genetics to genotoxicity and cancerogenicity of micro(nano) particles/plastics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to invite you to the Special Issue “Micro(nano) Plastics and Estrogens as Endocrine Disruptors Meet the Female Reproductive System, Breast and Colon: What Is Going On?”.

Studies have yet to demonstrate a likely link between cancer risk and micro(nano) plastic effects on breast/the female reproductive system/colon. Bisphenols and additives, phthalates, heavy metals such as cadmium, PFAS, and flame retardants all leach from microplastics/nanoplastics. Researchers have recently reported microplastics to be potentially connected to colorectal cancer and to exacerbate breast cancer metastasis. A lot of reviews now summarize micro(nano) plastic uptake into human cells and millions of micro(nano) plastics are released during only a few minutes of food blending or environmental exposure.

There is recent evidence in the literature that micro(nano) plastics, like many other chemicals in plastics, are known show estrogen-like activity, thereby making them hormone disruptors in the body by blocking or mimicking them. Estrogen is related to the development and growth of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer, so women should choose to limit their exposure to chemicals like plastics and estrogen in the foods and in the environment.

More work is required and we hope manuscripts submitted to this Special Issue will clarify the following:

  • Cellular and molecular effects and mechanisms of exposure to endocrine-disrupting micro(nano) plastics and estrogens relative to the female reproductive system, breast, and colon.
  • Novel methods for toxicity, genotoxicity, and epigenetic effect evaluation of nanomaterials and micro(nano) plastics on female normal and cancer cells, tissues, and organs.
  • Biocompatible nanomaterials and micro(nano) plastics for applications in which they have no effect as endocrine disruptors.

Dr. Anna Maria Giuseppina Poma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • micro(nano) plastics
  • estrogens
  • endocrine disruptors
  • female reproductive system
  • breast
  • colon

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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14 pages, 1638 KiB  
Perspective
Nanoplastics as Gene and Epigenetic Modulators of Endocrine Functions: A Perspective
by Massimo Aloisi and Anna Maria Giuseppina Poma
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 2071; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052071 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 663
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) represent a major challenge in environmental contamination resulting from the physical, chemical, and biological degradation of plastics. Their characterization requires advanced and expensive methods, which limit routine analyses. The biological effects of NPs depend on their chemical and physical properties, which [...] Read more.
Nanoplastics (NPs) represent a major challenge in environmental contamination resulting from the physical, chemical, and biological degradation of plastics. Their characterization requires advanced and expensive methods, which limit routine analyses. The biological effects of NPs depend on their chemical and physical properties, which influence toxicity and interactions with biological systems. Studies in animal models, such as Daphnia magna and Danio rerio, show that NPs induce oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and metabolic alterations, often related to charge and particle size. NPs affect endocrine functions by acting as endocrine disruptors, interfering with thyroid and sex hormones and showing potential transgenerational effects through epigenetic modifications, including DNA hyper- and hypomethylation. Behavioral and neurofunctional alterations have been observed in Danio rerio and mouse models, suggesting a link between NP exposure and neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin. Despite limited human studies, the presence of NPs in breast milk and placenta underscores the need for further investigation of health effects. Research focusing on genetic and epigenetic markers is encouraged to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and potential risks associated with chronic exposure. Full article
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