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Complications of Type 1 Diabetes in Pediatric Age: Early Biomarkers and New Insights into Diagnosis and Prevention Strategies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2025 | Viewed by 1205

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: hypoglycemia; hyperglycemia; cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (cfrd); glucose metabolism alterations; diabetology; obesity; immunology; pediatrics; endocrinology; diabetology; type 1 diabetes
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Guest Editor
Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: hypoglycemia; hyperglycemia; diabetes; cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD); glucose metabolism alterations; diabetology; obesity; immunology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The evolution of treatment and monitoring technologies for type 1 diabetes has significantly improved the diagnostic and therapeutic approach and the natural history of the disease, but probably the complications of type 1 diabetes in childhood are still underestimated.

As the prevention of vascular complications is crucial in children with T1D, the identification of new insights, tools, and biomarkers to identify individuals at increased risk is mandatory, and more information remains to be explored in the field of prevention, which starts in childhood.

SCOPE: This Special Issue entitled ‘Complications of Type 1 Diabetes in Pediatric Age: Early Biomarkers and New Insights Into Diagnosis and Prevention Strategies’ welcomes manuscripts in the formats of research articles, short communications, case reports, and reviews. Manuscripts should focus on the diagnosis and management of complications of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.

Particular attention will be given to the following topics:

  • Strategies for the early identification of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes at risk of micro- and macrovascular complications.
  • Underexplored pediatric aspects of complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
  • Quality of life and new risk factors for cardiovascular complications in pediatric diabetes.
  • The early biomarkers of micro- and macrovascular complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Dr. Enza Mozzillo
Dr. Francesca Di Candia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pediatrics
  • endocrinology
  • diabetology
  • complications
  • type 1 diabetes
  • prevention
  • early biomarkers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 905 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Oxidative Stress Responses in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes and Transient Hyperglycemia
by Anca Daniela Pinzaru, Ancuta Lupu, Tatiana Chisnoiu, Ginel Baciu, Alexandru Paul Baciu, Carmen Baciu, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Adriana Luminita Balasa, Sergiu Chirila, Florin Gabriel Panculescu, Doina Catrinoiu, Simona Claudia Cambrea, Ramona Mihaela Stoicescu and Cristina Maria Mihai
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(4), 1701; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041701 - 17 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 822
Abstract
Hyperglycemia significantly initiates oxidative stress in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). This study investigates the differences in oxidative stress markers between pediatric patients with T1DM and those experiencing transient hyperglycemia. In this case–control study, 42 children diagnosed with T1DM, according to [...] Read more.
Hyperglycemia significantly initiates oxidative stress in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). This study investigates the differences in oxidative stress markers between pediatric patients with T1DM and those experiencing transient hyperglycemia. In this case–control study, 42 children diagnosed with T1DM, according to ISPAD (International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes), and their healthy counterparts, aged 1–6 years old, participated. Blood samples were analyzed for oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). There was no statistically significant association found between the A1c % and age, BMI, and insulin dose (p > 0.05). A negative correlation was found between Se, Zn, cholesterol, GSH, and GPx (p < 0.05), as well as a statistically meaningful positive correlation with the A1c % (p < 0.001). GSH exhibited a statistically significant negative correlation (p < 0.001) with diabetic group. In comparison to control participants, plasma MDA levels (1.3 ± 0.36 µmol/L) had already increased significantly. MDA did correlate in a diabetic group with triglyceride levels (p > 0.0001) or total cholesterol. In the healthy group, the cholesterol levels were normal and apparently did not influence MDA levels. The oxidative state remained unchanged in the healthy participants experiencing temporary hyperglycemia, even though T1DM altered the link between selenium, zinc, and lipids. Full article
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