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Biostatistics in Brain Diseases - Future Approaches

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 2672

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: stroke; neuroradiology; neurophysiology; neurological sciences
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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Diagnostics, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-688 Kraków, Poland
Interests: metabolic activity of the brain's diseases like neuropsychiatric, stroke; redox signaling, tooth decay, biostatistics, biomaterials; composites; drug delivery systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Brain diseases such as stroke, as well as neuropsychiatric diseases, are major causes of disability, death and social exclusion worldwide, and the costs of medical care for these diseases are not going away. In the case of acute stroke or neuropsychiatric diseases such as depression, schizophrenia or Altzheimer's disease, therapies that modify the course of the disease or reduce the burden of polypragmasy found in psychiatry are of interest. Novel approaches using previously used health assessment methods based on objective measurable indicators: neuroradiological, genetic, biochemical or immunological, may lead to a better understanding of the health status and reduce the long-term disability of patients in these brain diseases. Biostatistical analyses can provide a basis for the appropriate use of applied research tools or the identification of the most effective combinations of measurement methods used in these diseases. Without advanced statistical analyses, even the most comprehensive database remains just a collection of data. Access to the information that can be derived from this dataset is contingent on performing appropriate analyses on it, and it is the quality of the analyses and the thoughtful selection of biostatistical methods that determine what quality and value of information can be drawn from the data.

Therefore, this special issue aims to present a novel approach using biostatistical analyses in the selection of applied methods for the assessment of health status in common brain diseases, based on objective measurable indicators: neuroradiological, genetic, biochemical or immunological, thanks to which we can better understand the state of health and the progress that has been made in understanding the mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, i.e. stroke or selected neuropsychiatric diseases.

Prof. Dr. Fabio Pilato
Dr. Wirginia Krzyściak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • brain diseases
  • biostatistic
  • neuroradiological method 
  • stroke molecular markers
  • schizophrenia neuroimaging markers

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 1340 KiB  
Article
Association of Blood Metabolomics Biomarkers with Brain Metabolites and Patient-Reported Outcomes as a New Approach in Individualized Diagnosis of Schizophrenia
by Wirginia Krzyściak, Beata Bystrowska, Paulina Karcz, Robert Chrzan, Amira Bryll, Aleksander Turek, Paulina Mazur, Natalia Śmierciak, Marta Szwajca, Paulina Donicz, Katarzyna Furman, Fabio Pilato, Tamas Kozicz, Tadeusz Popiela and Maciej Pilecki
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(4), 2294; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25042294 - 15 Feb 2024
Viewed by 906
Abstract
Given its polygenic nature, there is a need for a personalized approach to schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to select laboratory biomarkers from blood, brain imaging, and clinical assessment, with an emphasis on patients’ self-report questionnaires. Metabolomics studies of serum samples [...] Read more.
Given its polygenic nature, there is a need for a personalized approach to schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to select laboratory biomarkers from blood, brain imaging, and clinical assessment, with an emphasis on patients’ self-report questionnaires. Metabolomics studies of serum samples from 51 patients and 45 healthy volunteers, based on the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), led to the identification of 3 biochemical indicators (cortisol, glutamate, lactate) of schizophrenia. These metabolites were sequentially correlated with laboratory tests results, imaging results, and clinical assessment outcomes, including patient self-report outcomes. The hierarchical cluster analysis on the principal components (HCPC) was performed to identify the most homogeneous clinical groups. Significant correlations were noted between blood lactates and 11 clinical and 10 neuroimaging parameters. The increase in lactate and cortisol were significantly associated with a decrease in immunological parameters, especially with the level of reactive lymphocytes. The strongest correlations with the level of blood lactate and cortisol were demonstrated by brain glutamate, N-acetylaspartate and the concentrations of glutamate and glutamine, creatine and phosphocreatine in the prefrontal cortex. Metabolomics studies and the search for associations with brain parameters and self-reported outcomes may provide new diagnostic evidence to specific schizophrenia phenotypes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biostatistics in Brain Diseases - Future Approaches)
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21 pages, 3539 KiB  
Article
Benefits and Meaning of Lipids Profile in Relation to Oxidative Balance and Brain Morphology in Schizophrenia
by Natalia Śmierciak, Wirginia Krzyściak, Marta Szwajca, Paulina Karcz, Amira Bryll, Tadeusz J. Popiela, Paulina Donicz, Aleksander Turek, Veronika Aleksandrovych and Maciej Pilecki
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(14), 11375; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411375 - 12 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1237
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by complex metabolic dysregulations and their consequences. Until now, numerous theories have explained its pathogenesis, using a spectrum of available technologies. We focused our interest on lipid profile—periphery high-density cholesterol level and lipoproteins in the human brain and compared magnetic [...] Read more.
Schizophrenia is characterized by complex metabolic dysregulations and their consequences. Until now, numerous theories have explained its pathogenesis, using a spectrum of available technologies. We focused our interest on lipid profile—periphery high-density cholesterol level and lipoproteins in the human brain and compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with schizophrenia and the healthy group. Detailed analysis of biochemical parameters was performed using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Our study aimed to reveal correlations between periphery high-density lipoproteins levels and lipoproteins in the brain, depicted in MRI scans, and parameters of peripheral oxidative stress expressed as paraoxonase. Patients with schizophrenia have decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins, low paraoxonase activity, and slightly raised sodium in the blood. Positive significant correlations between serum high-density cholesterol and anterior cingulate cortex, unique brain area for schizophrenia pathophysiology, MR spectroscopy signals, and diffusion have been revealed. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the effect of an anterior cingulate disorder on high-density cholesterol levels on the development of schizophrenia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biostatistics in Brain Diseases - Future Approaches)
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