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Molecular Research on Osteogenesis

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2025) | Viewed by 4900

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, there has been limited progress in expanding our understanding of osteogenesis, bone repair, and regenerative processes. Bone tissue, a complex mineralized structure, plays a crucial role in various biological activities. Comprising both organic and inorganic components unique to the human body, its regenerative mechanisms involve intricate physiological activities, primarily centered on the interplay between osteogenic and angiogenic events. These interactions drive bone formation and tissue rejuvenation. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), a key player in angiogenesis, stimulates endothelial cell migration and proliferation, indirectly influencing osteogenesis by regulating osteogenic growth factors and engaging in paracrine signaling. Despite extensive research over the past two decades exploring bone defect repair processes and the development of biomaterials to facilitate these activities, there remains a significant gap in our understanding. The purpose of this Special Issue is to spotlight recent or emerging research updates on the biological aspects of osteogenesis, bone repair, and bone tissue regeneration. We welcome a variety of research approaches, including in vitro and in vivo studies, prospective trials, and retrospective cohort analyses, and strongly encourage the submission of review articles.

Dr. Roberto Sacco
Dr. Carlos Fernando Mourão
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • osteogenesis
  • bone reconstruction
  • bone regeneration
  • bone disease

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 10579 KB  
Article
The Addition of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Implant Surfaces Modified by Zirconia Blasting and Acid Etching to Enhance Peri-Implant Bone Healing
by Ricardo Alves Toscano, Stéfany Barbosa, Larissa Gabriele Campos, Cecília Alves de Sousa, Eduardo Dallazen, Carlos Fernando Mourão, Jamil Awad Shibli, Edilson Ervolino, Leonardo P. Faverani and Wirley Goncalves Assunção
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7321; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137321 - 3 Jul 2024
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2001
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of adding hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to implant surfaces treated with zirconia blasting and acid etching (ZiHa), focusing on structural changes and bone healing parameters in low-density bone sites. The topographical characterization of titanium discs with a ZiHa surface and [...] Read more.
This study investigated the impact of adding hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to implant surfaces treated with zirconia blasting and acid etching (ZiHa), focusing on structural changes and bone healing parameters in low-density bone sites. The topographical characterization of titanium discs with a ZiHa surface and a commercially modified zirconia-blasted and acid-etched surface (Zi) was performed using scanning electron microscopy, profilometry, and surface-free energy. For the in vivo assessment, 22 female rats were ovariectomized and kept for 90 days, after which one implant from each group was randomly placed in each tibial metaphysis of the animals. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed at 14 and 28 days postoperatively (decalcified lab processing), reverse torque testing was performed at 28 days, and histometry from calcified lab processing was performed at 60 days The group ZiHa promoted changes in surface morphology, forming evenly distributed pores. For bone healing, ZiHa showed a greater reverse torque, newly formed bone area, and bone/implant contact values compared to group Zi (p < 0.05; t-test). Qualitative histological and immunohistochemical analyses showed higher features of bone maturation for ZiHa on days 14 and 28. This preclinical study demonstrated that adding hydroxyapatite to zirconia-blasted and acid-etched surfaces enhanced peri-implant bone healing in ovariectomized rats. These findings support the potential for improving osseointegration of dental implants, especially in patients with compromised bone metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Osteogenesis)
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Review

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41 pages, 1997 KB  
Review
COMP Is a Biomarker of Cartilage Destruction, Extracellular Matrix and Vascular Remodeling and Tissue Repair
by Margaret M. Smith and James Melrose
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(18), 9182; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26189182 - 19 Sep 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2208
Abstract
This review covers the roles of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), an established biomarker of cartilage breakdown in pathological tissues in osteoarthritis, and in emerging areas in extracellular matrix and vascular remodeling associated with trauma, fibrosis and cancer. COMP is produced by chondrocytes, [...] Read more.
This review covers the roles of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), an established biomarker of cartilage breakdown in pathological tissues in osteoarthritis, and in emerging areas in extracellular matrix and vascular remodeling associated with trauma, fibrosis and cancer. COMP is produced by chondrocytes, tenocytes, myofibroblasts, and in some specialized tissue contexts, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. COMP expression by tendon and cartilage cells is sensitive to weight bearing and tensional mechanical stimulation. Vascular smooth muscle cells are sensitive to shear forces which regulate COMP expression in vascular tissues in atherosclerosis and in carotid stenosis. COMP is a multivalent bridging molecule that stabilizes tissues. It facilitates the signaling of TGF-β and BMP-2 in chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, tissue fibrosis, vascular and ECM remodeling and tumor development by providing a multimeric environment through which growth factor binding and receptor activation can occur. Engineered COMP proteins have been used as molecular templates in the development of chimeric therapeutic proteins of potential application in repair biology. Tie2 (Angiopoietin-1 receptor, Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TEK), when activated by an engineered COMP-inspired angiopoietin-2 pentamer, is a potent angiogenic molecule of obvious application in wound healing. COMP’s multifunctional properties show it is much more than a biomolecular marker protein through its ability to participate in many biological processes. Further studies are warranted to fully explore the biology of this fascinating molecule, particularly in the wound repair processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Osteogenesis)
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