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Advances in Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Diseases
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Advances in Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 1243

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Eman M. Othman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Cancer Therapy Research Center (CTRC), Department of Biochemistry-I, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
Interests: DNA damage; oxidative stress; antioxidants; natural products; cancer; diabetes mellitus
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Growing evidence highlights the central role of natural antioxidants in maintaining redox balance, modulating cellular signalling, and mitigating disease-related oxidative damage. Advances in molecular biology and integrative omics have provided new insights into their mechanisms, uncovering interactions with transcriptional regulators, metabolic pathways, and epigenetic networks. These discoveries not only refine our understanding of how antioxidants influence human physiology but also inform the development of nutraceuticals, functional foods, and targeted therapeutic interventions. Nonetheless, challenges remain in translating preclinical findings into clinical practice, particularly regarding bioavailability, dosage, and long-term efficacy. This Special Issue underscores the importance of bridging mechanistic advances with translational applications, paving the way toward innovative strategies for health promotion and disease management.

Dr. Eman M. Othman
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • oxidative stress and diseases
  • antioxidants
  • natural products

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

31 pages, 4753 KB  
Article
Nephroprotective Effects of Quercetin–Selenium Nanoparticles Against Glycerol-Induced AKI
by Ahmed M. Ashour, Ali Khames, Khaled M. Alam-ElDein, Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim Faraag, Nievin Ahmed Mahran, Badriyah Aljazzaf, Rabia Alghazeer, Fatma Akmal, Marwa Ahmed Mahmoud and Mohamed H. A. Gadelmawla
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(24), 12187; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262412187 - 18 Dec 2025
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a quick and often reversible decline in renal performance, as shown by elevated creatinine or reduced urine volume. AKI is a common illness, particularly among hospitalized cases, and can be observed in up to 7% of [...] Read more.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a quick and often reversible decline in renal performance, as shown by elevated creatinine or reduced urine volume. AKI is a common illness, particularly among hospitalized cases, and can be observed in up to 7% of hospital admissions and 30% of ICU admissions. This study was designed to explore the nephroprotective potential of eco-synthesized quercetin–selenium nanoparticles (QUR-SeNPs) against experimentally glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis leading to AKI. Forty healthy adult male albino rats were employed in the experiment. Animals were randomly distributed equally into five groups: Control: orally administered with normal saline solution. GLY: orally administered with normal saline (0.9% NaCl) for 15 consecutive days, at day 14, animals of this group received a single dose of intramuscular (im.) injection of 50% glycerol (GLY) (10 mg/kg/day). GLY and quercetin (GLY&QUR): orally administered with quercetin daily for 15 days (50 mg/kg/day), at day 14, animals of this group received a single dose of im. injection of 50% glycerol (10 mg/kg/day). GLY&Na2SeO3: orally administered with sodium selenite daily for 15 days (0.5 mg/kg/day), at day 14, animals of this group received a single dose of im. injection of 50% glycerol (10 mg/kg/day). GLY&QUR-SeNPs: orally administered with selenium nanoparticles synthesized using quercetin daily for 15 days (0.5 mg/kg/day), at day 14, animals of this group received a single dose of im. injection of 50% glycerol (10 mg/kg/day). Oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers, in addition to histopathological, gene expression, and immunohistochemical analysis, were assessed for all groups. The results demonstrated that QUR-SeNPs effectively ameliorated renal functional, biochemical, and molecular disturbances through their synergistic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential, surpassing the effects of either quercetin or selenium alone. Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles using QUR-SeNPs demonstrated remarkable nephroprotective activity by normalizing renal biomarkers, restoring antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory cytokines, and preventing apoptotic damage. The nanoparticle formulation exhibited superior efficacy to either QUR or Se alone, highlighting the synergistic interplay between selenium and quercetin through enhanced bioavailability, redox stability, and molecular targeting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Diseases)
32 pages, 7766 KB  
Article
Targeting Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate-Selenium Nanoparticles Mitigate Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cortical Impairment
by Radwa Hussein Lutfy, Ahmed M. Ashour, Ali Khames, Alzahraa A. Elhemiely, Khaled M. Alam-ElDein, Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim Faraag, Mariam O. A. Hamed, Zainab J. Abdel Daim, Nagwa Ibrahim Attia and Mohamed H. A. Gadelmawla
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(22), 11173; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211173 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 573
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) has been revealed to provoke anxiety-like behavior. Phytochemicals and nanotechnology-based interventions have emerged as promising alternatives due to their pleiotropic activity and enhanced bioavailability. Here we investigated the effect of sodium selenite, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and EGCG–Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on SD-provoked [...] Read more.
Sleep deprivation (SD) has been revealed to provoke anxiety-like behavior. Phytochemicals and nanotechnology-based interventions have emerged as promising alternatives due to their pleiotropic activity and enhanced bioavailability. Here we investigated the effect of sodium selenite, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and EGCG–Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on SD-provoked cortical impairment and tried to recognize the possible underlying mechanisms in addition to in silico analysis of EGCG. SD was provoked in rats utilizing a modified multiple platform model. We performed an in silico analysis of EGCG docked on Bcl2 and MMP2. Forty animals were divided into five groups of eight animals each: animals were given saline orally for 8 days (control); animals were given saline orally for 8 days, and on day 7 animals were exposed to 24 h of SD (24 h SD); animals were given Na2SeO3 orally with 0.5 mg/kg/day for 8 days, and on day 7 animals were exposed to 24 h of SD (24 h SD/Na2SeO3); animals were given 100 mg/kg/day EGCG orally for 8 days, and on day 7 animals were exposed to 24 h of SD (24 h SD/EGCG); animals were given SeNPs biosynthesized using EGCG and 0.5 mg/kg/day orally for 8 days, and on day 7 animals were exposed to 24 h of SD (24 h SD/EGCG-SeNPs). Behavioral tests were performed, including the sucrose preference test and the open-field test. Neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine), monoamine oxidase, ACh, GABA, AChE, neurotropic and glial markers (BDNF and GFAP), as well as neuro-inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptotic markers were assessed. Interestingly, sodium selenite, EGCG, and EGCG-SeNP employment mitigated cognitive functions and cortical histopathological alterations in SD-subjected rats. These potential impacts elicited by sodium selenite, EGCG, and EGCG-SeNPs may be related to their impact of elucidating corticosterone increase, cortical neurotransmitter decrease, and neurotropic and glial markers alterations, while also inhibiting the inflammatory and apoptotic axis and upregulating Nrf2 antioxidant cascade. These results prove the neuroprotective potential of sodium selenite, EGCG, and EGCG-SeNPs, especially EGCG-SeNPs in sleep deprivation-subjected rats by ameliorating cortical neuroinflammation, prooxidant alterations, and apoptotic events likely caused by modulating the NOS-2/Nrf2 axis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Diseases)
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