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Microbiome and Metabolome in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 3rd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 1498

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Guest Editor
Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Assistant Medical Director (EMS-PA) Researcher, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri (ICS), Research Hospitals of National Interest (IRCCS), Section of Bari, Pavia, Italy
Interests: toxicology; xenobiotics; anethesia and critical care; human microbiota
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Certain changes that occur in the human microbiome lead not only to unfavorable conditions for the homeostasis of the organism, but also can facilitate the growth of benign or malignant conditions. These changes can be induced and influenced by the microenvironment of each individual microbiota and therefore by internal or external factors such as diet, toxic substances, etc. Both quantitative and qualitative variations in the microbiome (dysbiosis) play important roles in the development of systemic (such as autoimmune diseases) or local diseases (such as intestinal inflammations). Therefore, studying the interactions that the human microbiota of the host has with these factors in depth plays a crucial role in the prevention and management of certain pathologies. Germ cells interacting with cells and/or their surrounding tissues is important for the maturation of the environment and for the development of structural modifications. The eubiotic microbiota regulates the immunity response but also influences the mechanism of action and toxicity of drugs. Considering this, it is important to look for interactions even between the various axes of the microbiota such as gut/brain, gut/liver, and others. To date, the biomechanisms underlying these interactions are becoming a fundamental springboard for medical research in treatment and prevention.

We are soliciting articles on the regulation of the microbiome/microbiota against dysbiosis and the management of certain diseases related to it. We are particularly interested in recent articles reporting on the relevance of biomolecular regulation mechanisms through various factors of host–microbiome interactions by inviting researchers to contribute original research papers and review articles that will help us understand these underlying molecular mechanisms for the development of potential discoveries and strategies for curing diseases resulting from dysbiosis.

Dr. Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microbiome
  • dysbiosis
  • microbiology
  • immunity
  • cytokine/chemokine networks
  • microbiota axes pathways
  • toxic substances
  • autoimmunity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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24 pages, 1355 KiB  
Review
Can We Modulate Our Second Brain and Its Metabolites to Change Our Mood? A Systematic Review on Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Future Directions of “Psychobiotics”
by Stefania Garzone, Ioannis Alexandros Charitos, Manuela Mandorino, Maria Elena Maggiore, Loredana Capozzi, Bujar Cakani, Gabriel César Dias Lopes, Luisella Bocchio-Chiavetto and Marica Colella
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 1972; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26051972 - 25 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1264
Abstract
Psychobiotics, live microorganisms that provide mental health by interacting with the gut microbiota, are emerging as a promising therapeutic option for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Their effectiveness in addressing conditions such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and eating disorders [...] Read more.
Psychobiotics, live microorganisms that provide mental health by interacting with the gut microbiota, are emerging as a promising therapeutic option for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Their effectiveness in addressing conditions such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and eating disorders were examined through a comprehensive analysis of existing studies up to the first half of 2024, based on data from reliable electronic databases. We found that psychobiotics can significantly reduce symptoms of various psychiatric disorders by influencing neurotransmitter levels, regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and improving gut barrier function through short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and other metabolites. However, several limitations were identified, including inconsistent study methodologies, small sample sizes, and a lack of data on long-term safety. Addressing these limitations through rigorous research is essential for establishing standardized protocols and fully confirming the therapeutic potential of psychobiotics. In conclusion, psychobiotics show great promise as complementary treatments for mental health conditions, but continued research is necessary to refine their application and integrate them into clinical practice effectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiome and Metabolome in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 3rd Edition)
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