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Molecular Mechanism of Circadian Rhythm

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2025 | Viewed by 12056

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
Interests: circadian rhythm; exercise; aging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The biological clock is essential for regulating bodily functions throughout the day, coordinating the organism’s response to different periods and stimuli to maintain optimal balance. Disruptions in the circadian cycle, often associated with advanced aging and unhealthy lifestyles, can lead to significant imbalances, including increased incidence of various diseases and alterations in sleep and feeding patterns. Research indicates that circadian rhythm dysregulation is correlated with conditions such as metabolic diseases, sleep disorders, and cognitive impairment, highlighting the importance of synchronizing biological rhythms for overall health.

On the other hand, physical exercise has shown preventive and therapeutic potential, helping to maintain homeostasis in older individuals and, in some cases, reversing pathological conditions associated with circadian dysregulation. Regular exercise can improve circadian synchronization, regulate sleep–wake rhythms, and promote metabolic health, demonstrating the beneficial interaction between physical activity and biological rhythms.

Supervised by Guest Editor Dr. Rosângela Vieira de Andrade and assisted by Mr. Matheus Vitorino from Catholic University of Brasilia, this Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, titled “Molecular Mechanism of Circadian Rhythm”, delves into the molecular underpinnings of circadian regulation, with a particular emphasis on the modulating effects of exercise. The articles presented will explore the connections between the circadian cycle, aging, health, and physical exercise. By examining these multifaceted interactions from a molecular perspective, we aspire to foster a deeper understanding of the role of circadian rhythms in maintaining human health and offer new avenues for intervention.

Prof. Dr. Rosângela Vieira de Andrade
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • circadian cycle
  • exercise
  • aging
  • clock genes
  • health

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

16 pages, 1952 KiB  
Review
Modified Cortisol Circadian Rhythm: The Hidden Toll of Night-Shift Work
by Aikaterini Andreadi, Stella Andreadi, Federica Todaro, Lorenzo Ippoliti, Alfonso Bellia, Andrea Magrini, George P. Chrousos and Davide Lauro
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 2090; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052090 - 27 Feb 2025
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 11618
Abstract
The circadian rhythm of cortisol, a key hormone essential for maintaining metabolic balance and stress homeostasis, is profoundly disrupted by night-shift work. This narrative review examines the physiological mechanisms underlying cortisol regulation, the effects of shift work on its circadian rhythm, the associated [...] Read more.
The circadian rhythm of cortisol, a key hormone essential for maintaining metabolic balance and stress homeostasis, is profoundly disrupted by night-shift work. This narrative review examines the physiological mechanisms underlying cortisol regulation, the effects of shift work on its circadian rhythm, the associated health risks, and potential mitigation strategies. Night-shift work alters the natural secretion pattern of cortisol, leading to dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which in turn can contribute to metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and impaired cognitive function. Understanding the physiological pathways mediating these changes is crucial for developing targeted interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of circadian misalignment. Potential strategies, such as controlled light exposure, strategic napping, and personalized scheduling, may help to stabilize cortisol rhythms and improve health outcomes. This review aims to provide insights that can guide future research and inform occupational health policies for night-shift workers by addressing these challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Circadian Rhythm)
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