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Advanced Study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
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Advanced Study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2023) | Viewed by 4480

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Anna A. Shtro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Prof. Popov St., 15/17, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Interests: antivirals; influenza; RSV; chemotherapy; herpes; respiratory viruses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The respiratory syncytial virus is a significant health problem for young children and the elderly. Every year, it causes several thousands of deaths around the world. Despite the seriousness of the problem, none of the efforts by scientists to develop a vaccine against this disease have yet been successful. There is also no cure, or drug, for this disease available to patients, although publications on the development of new therapies regularly appear in the press.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences focuses on the problems of anti-RSV drug design, vaccine development, and molecular mechanism of RSV infection.

Dr. Anna A. Shtro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • RSV
  • antivirals
  • vaccines
  • drug design
  • molecular mechanism
  • computer science

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2846 KiB  
Article
APOBEC3G Is a p53-Dependent Restriction Factor in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of Human Cells Included in the p53/Immune Axis
by Wesley Gladwell, Oriana Yost, Heather Li, Whitney J. Bell, Shih-Heng Chen, James M. Ward, Steven R. Kleeberger, Michael A. Resnick and Daniel Menendez
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(23), 16793; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316793 - 27 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2390
Abstract
Identifying and understanding genetic factors that influence the propagation of the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can lead to health benefits and possibly augment recent vaccine approaches. We previously identified a p53/immune axis in which the tumor suppressor p53 directly regulates the expression [...] Read more.
Identifying and understanding genetic factors that influence the propagation of the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can lead to health benefits and possibly augment recent vaccine approaches. We previously identified a p53/immune axis in which the tumor suppressor p53 directly regulates the expression of immune system genes, including the seven members of the APOBEC3 family of DNA cytidine deaminases (A3), which are innate immune sentinels against viral infections. Here, we examined the potential p53 and A3 influence in RSV infection, as well as the overall p53-dependent cellular and p53/immune axis responses to infection. Using a paired p53 model system of p53+ and p53- human lung tumor cells, we found that RSV infection activates p53, leading to the altered p53-dependent expression of A3D, A3F, and A3G, along with p53 site-specific binding. Focusing on A3G because of its 10-fold-greater p53 responsiveness to RSV, the overexpression of A3G can reduce RSV viral replication and syncytial formation. We also observed that RSV-infected cells undergo p53-dependent apoptosis. The study was expanded to globally address at the transcriptional level the p53/immune axis response to RSV. Nearly 100 genes can be directly targeted by the p53/immune axis during RSV infection based on our p53BAER analysis (Binding And Expression Resource). Overall, we identify A3G as a potential p53-responsive restriction factor in RSV infection. These findings have significant implications for RSV clinical and therapeutic studies and other p53-influenced viral infections, including using p53 adjuvants to boost the response of A3 genes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus)
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16 pages, 6227 KiB  
Article
Identification and Study of the Action Mechanism of Small Compound That Inhibits Replication of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
by Anna A. Shtro, Artem M. Klabukov, Anzhelika V. Garshinina, Anastasia V. Galochkina, Yulia V. Nikolaeva, Tatyana M. Khomenko, Danila E. Bobkov, Aleksey A. Lozhkov, Konstantin V. Sivak, Kirill S. Yakovlev, Andrey B. Komissarov, Sophia S. Borisevich, Konstantin P. Volcho and Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12933; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612933 - 18 Aug 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1658
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is known to cause annual epidemics of respiratory infections; however, the lack of specific treatment options for this disease poses a challenge. In light of this, there has been a concerted effort to identify small molecules that can effectively [...] Read more.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is known to cause annual epidemics of respiratory infections; however, the lack of specific treatment options for this disease poses a challenge. In light of this, there has been a concerted effort to identify small molecules that can effectively combat RSV. This article focuses on the mechanism of action of compound K142, which was identified as a primary screening leader in the earlier stages of the project. The research conducted demonstrates that K142 significantly reduces the intensity of virus penetration into the cells, as well as the formation of syncytia from infected cells. These findings show that the compound’s interaction with the surface proteins of RSV is a key factor in its antiviral activity. Furthermore, pharmacological modeling supports that K142 effectively interacts with the F-protein. However, in vivo studies have shown only weak antiviral activity against RSV infection, with a slight decrease in viral load observed in lung tissues. As a result, there is a need to enhance the bioavailability or antiviral properties of this compound. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that further modifications of the compound under study could potentially increase its antiviral activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus)
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