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New Advances in Autoimmune Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 1398

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: immunology; clinical Immunology; autoimmunity; autoimmune diseases; inflammation; cytokines; immune regulation; vaccines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Autoimmune diseases, which develop as a result of immune system dysregulation, are a significant health challenge. This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge research on the molecular pathways, genetic and epigenetic factors, immune signalling, and novel molecular biomarkers involved in autoimmunity. We welcome submissions that explore these molecular aspects, providing insights into the pathogenesis of disease and potential therapeutic targets. By focusing on the molecular mechanisms, this Special Issue seeks to advance our understanding of autoimmune diseases and inspire innovative approaches to treatment and diagnosis, offering hope for the development of new more effective treatments.

Dr. Tsvetelina Velikova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • autoimmunity
  • autoimmune mechanisms
  • molecular pathogenesis
  • immune signalling pathways
  • cytokine regulation
  • epigenetics in autoimmunity
  • molecular biomarkers
  • gene expression profiling
  • regulatory T cells
  • immunogenetics
  • molecular therapeutics
  • signal transduction
  • immunometabolism
  • microRNA in autoimmunity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1756 KiB  
Article
Acute Stress and Autoimmune Markers: Evaluating the Psychoneuroimmunology Axis in Firefighter Recruits
by Andrea Schmitt, Nathan Andrews, Krista Yasuda, Mitchell Hodge and Rebecca Ryznar
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(9), 3945; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26093945 - 22 Apr 2025
Viewed by 315
Abstract
Chronic psychological stress is known to influence immune function and contribute to development of autoimmune disorders through dysregulated inflammatory responses. This study investigates relationships between acute stress, life trauma, and autoimmune salivary biomarkers in firefighter recruits during psychophysical stress training. Salivary samples were [...] Read more.
Chronic psychological stress is known to influence immune function and contribute to development of autoimmune disorders through dysregulated inflammatory responses. This study investigates relationships between acute stress, life trauma, and autoimmune salivary biomarkers in firefighter recruits during psychophysical stress training. Salivary samples were collected from firefighter recruits during two stress tests to evaluate responses to acute stress. Samples were obtained at three time points—pre-stress, post-stress, and recovery—across both tests. Cortisol was measured to characterize acute stress response (ASR) profiles, while immune function was assessed through the analyzing C-reactive Protein (CRP), Complement C4 (C4), Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor (PEDF), and Serum Amyloid P (SAP). Results showed significant changes in CRP, C4, and PEDF after stress inoculation. Higher previous life trauma was associated with lower baseline cortisol (r = −0.489) and delay in cortisol recovery (r = 0.514), suggesting a learned biological response, potentially protective against stress-induced dysregulation. Cluster analysis revealed four distinct cortisol ASR profiles which were found to have significantly different past life trauma (p = 0.031). These findings suggest that trauma history influences stress biomarker dynamics, potentially reflecting individualized adaptive or maladaptive responses. The insights gained may inform strategies to enhance stress resilience and mitigate autoimmune risk among high-stress populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Autoimmune Diseases)
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Review

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20 pages, 998 KiB  
Review
Unraveling the Complexities of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
by Yangzhuangzhuang Zhu and Siyan Cao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 3291; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073291 - 2 Apr 2025
Viewed by 444
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) regulate immune responses in many pathological conditions, one of which is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an incurable chronic disorder of the digestive tract and beyond. The pathophysiology of IBD remains unclear, likely involving aberrant innate and adaptive immunity. Studies [...] Read more.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) regulate immune responses in many pathological conditions, one of which is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an incurable chronic disorder of the digestive tract and beyond. The pathophysiology of IBD remains unclear, likely involving aberrant innate and adaptive immunity. Studies have reported altered population of MDSCs in patients with IBD. However, their distribution varies among patients and different preclinical models of IBD. The expansion and activation of MDSCs are likely driven by various stimuli during intestinal inflammation, but the in-depth mechanisms remain poorly understood. The role of MDSCs in the pathogenesis of IBD appears to be paradoxical. In addition to intestinal inflammation, suppressive MDSCs may promote colitis-to-colon cancer transition. In this Review, we summarize recent progresses on the features, activation, and roles of MDSCs in the development of IBD and IBD-associated colon cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Autoimmune Diseases)
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