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Dysregulation of Bone Health–a Matter of Several Culprits

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 983

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Serviço de Medicina Interna, Unidade de Saúde Local São João, Porto, Portugal
Interests: translational medicine; bone disease; cystic fibrosis-related bone disease; inflammation-induced bone loss; cystic fibrosis; internal medicine; immunology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Adequate bone mass is established by the balance between bone formation and degradation. Disruptions in this intricate relationship induce states of low bone mass (osteopenia) that may progress to osteoporosis and an increased risk of low-impact fractures. Up to 30% of postmenopausal females and more than 50% of males have osteoporosis due to secondary causes. Secondary causes of reduced bone mass include lung, endocrine, metabolic, hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders, eating disorders, hematological disfunctions, renal disease, cancer and adverse effects of pharmacological therapy. Despite clinical studies on the association of several pathologies with bone loss, few have established a direct relationship between the primary pathology and the secondary cause of bone loss. Moreover, it remains unclear whether different pathologies, namely rare diseases, share the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible of bone loss. This knowledge is fundamental to design better therapeutic tools and markers of disease severity and/or diagnosis. Additionally, the role of the currently available markers of bone metabolism/health in the diagnosis, follow-up and prediction of the response to treatment is still ambiguous. The main goal of this Special Issue is to gather original and review articles to provide the most recent evidence on the mechanisms and clinical management of secondary bone loss.

Suggested topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • The identification of the relationship between a specific pathology and secondary bone loss, using human or animal studies.
  • Studies on the role of the immune system on bone loss.
  • Metabolic pathways leading to bone loss.
  • Studies on the role of rare diseases in the identification of new molecular pathways leading to bone loss.
  • Studies addressing the specificity, sensitivity and predictive value of the currently available markers of bone metabolism in bone loss.
  • The development of new biomarkers to predict and detect bone loss.
  • Clinical trials addressing new therapeutic approaches to secondary bone loss.

Dr. Dina Cosme is the Guest Editor Assistant, who will help manage the special issue.

Dr. Ana Gomes
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • bone metabolism
  • osteoporosis
  • osteopenia
  • low-impact fractures
  • osteoimmunology
  • leptin
  • lung disorders
  • cancer
  • renal disease

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 604 KiB  
Review
Leptin Levels and Bone Mineral Density: A Friend or a Foe for Bone Loss? A Systematic Review of the Association Between Leptin Levels and Low Bone Mineral Density
by Dina Cosme and Ana Cordeiro Gomes
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 2066; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052066 - 27 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 718
Abstract
The introduction of CFTR modulators in the clinics has improved body mass index in cystic fibrosis (CF) individuals. Leptin is a major regulator of appetite and energy expenditure but is also involved in bone metabolism. Whether circulating leptin levels are associated with low [...] Read more.
The introduction of CFTR modulators in the clinics has improved body mass index in cystic fibrosis (CF) individuals. Leptin is a major regulator of appetite and energy expenditure but is also involved in bone metabolism. Whether circulating leptin levels are associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk in CF remains unknown. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze and integrate the current evidence linking leptin and bone loss in CF. As no scientific evidence was found, we focused on secondary dysregulations of bone loss in CF that may be linked to pathologies that are similar to the various dysregulations and multisystemic manifestations in CF. Studies published from 2001 to 2022 were identified through the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and screening was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. The included studies were assessed using a quality checklist. From the 774 records identified, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. Although no evidence has been found directly related to bone loss in CF individuals, some studies revealed a positive association between leptin levels and BMD, while others found an inverse association. Current evidence suggests that for circulating leptin levels to be a predictive biomarker of bone health, further research will be needed to reveal the direct and indirect mechanisms behind leptin and bone loss and to understand whether changes in leptin levels correlate with changes in BMD. Of note, studies with CF people would be of high importance to understand the role of leptin in CF-related bone disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dysregulation of Bone Health–a Matter of Several Culprits)
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